鲁中南山区侧柏人工林近自然经营效果评价  

Effectiveness Evaluation on the Near-natural Management of Platycladus orientalis in Central and Southern Mountainous Area of Shandong Province

作　　者：颜攀 凌春辉 崔浩然 刘胜元 王华田 刘秀梅 Yan Pan;Ling Chunhui;Cui Haoran;Liu Shengyuan;Wang Huatian;Liu Xiumei(State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River,Tai’an 271018,China;Shanghai Environment College,Shanghai 200135,Chinaa)

机构地区：[1]黄河下游森林培育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]上海市环境学校,上海200135

出　　处：《防护林科技》2020年第6期32-37,共6页Protection Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省森林近自然经营科技支撑项目;山东省农业科技资金项目(林业科技创新2019LY004)。

摘　　要：以山东省侧柏(Platycladusorientalis)人工林为研究对象,针对林分生长发育阶段特点,提出了相应的营林措施,并对营林效果进行了评价。结果表明:(1)森林抚育经营明显改善了林分结构和立木生长环境,促进了立木生长。抚育处理后,林分平均胸径较对照提高6.83%;平均树高较对照提高4.64%;平均活枝高较对照提高21.02%;林分平均冠幅12.39 m^2,较对照提高7.37%;单位面积蓄积69.02 m^3,较对照提高1.05%。(2)林分抚育后林内植物多样性发生较大变化。其中,抚育林分内较对照林分减少1种灌木;抚育林分内草本植物较对照林分减少2种;抚育林分林下草本植物的Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson diversity多样性指数、Shannon-weiner多样性指数、Gleason丰富度指数较对照相比均有所变化。(3)林分经抚育作业后,土壤pH值更趋于中性,土壤电导率和容积含水量有所提高,但含水率、容重和总孔隙度较对照相比有所降低。抚育林分土壤过氧化氢酶和中性磷酸酶较对照降低、为13.43%和13.95%,但脲酶和蔗糖酶含量则提高为21.29%和15.48%。Platycladus orientalis plantation in Shandong Province was selected as the researching object based on the model of sustainable forest management.The corresponding forest processing measures according to the phased characteristics of stands growth and development.And the effects of forest managements were evaluated after the tending operation.The main results were as follows:(1)The implementation of the forest management plan has obviously improved the stand structure and the growth environment of the trees,aiming to promote the trees growth.After nursing treatment,the average diameter at breast height of the stands is 14.23 cm,which is 6.83%higher than that of the control.The average height of the stand is 7.90 m,that is 4.64%higher than that of the control.The average height of the live branch was 3.80 m,which is 21.02%higher than that of the control.The average crown is 12.39 m^2,that is 7.37%higher than that of the control.The unit area of the stand is 69.02 m^3,and it is 1.05%higher than that of the control.(2)The plant diversity in the forest changes greatly after stand tending.There are 1 species less in the tending stand than in the control stand.The number of herbaceous plants in tending stands was 2 less than that in control stands.The Pielou evenness index,Simpson diversity index,Shannon-Weiner diversity index and Gleason richness index of undergrowth herbage in tending stand are changed after the tending management.(3)After tending processing,thesoil pH value tends to be neutral.The soil conductivity&volume moisture content of the tending forest are increased,but moisture content,total porosity and bulk density get decreases.The activities of catalase&neutral phosphatase in the soil of tending stand decreased compared with control,being 13.43%and 13.95%,but urease&sucrase increase by 21.29%&15.48%.

关 键 词：近自然经营 侧柏人工林 林分生长 植物多样性 土壤质量 

分 类 号：S791.38[农业科学—林木遗传育种]