三维激光雷达扫描技术在河流模拟中的应用  

Application of 3D Laser Scanning Technology in Simulating River Flows

作　　者：张力元 张法星[1] 蔡爱玲 宋照明 童世林 ZHANG Li-yuan;ZHANG Fa-xing;CAI Ai-ling;SONG Zhao-ming;TONG Shi-lin(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2020年第8期121-124,共4页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51679157);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401705)。

摘　　要：三维激光雷达扫描技术以精度高、测量速度快的特点被应用于多个行业。为快速获取河道流场结构,开展60°弯道动床模型试验,探索采用激光雷达扫描技术获得河床数字地形,以激光扫描数字地形和水准测量地形为边界开展水流数值模拟,并将模拟值与试验测量值进行对比分析。结果表明,流场数值模拟结果与试验值吻合较好。沙波地形的精度对纵向时均流速、水深平均流速影响有限,但对河床切应力及断面流场结构影响明显。将激光雷达扫描技术和数值模拟技术相结合,既能获得高精度的河床数字高程和精细水流流动结构,又可大大缩短试验流场测量周期。Three-dimensional(3 D)laser scanning technology has been applied in many industries because of its high precision and fast measurement speed.In order to obtain the flow field structure of the river quickly,based on the movable bed model test of 60 degree bend,this paper explored the way of laser scanning technology to obtain the digital terrain of the river bed,and carried out the modeling and numerical simulation of water flow with the boundary of laser scanning digital terrain and leveling digital terrain.Compared the simulation results with the experimental measurement values,it shows that the numerical simulation results of the flow field are in good agreement with the experimental data.The accuracy of the sand wave topography has limited influence on the time-averaged longitudinal velocities and depth-averaged velocities,but has obvious influence on the bed shear stress and the cross section flow field structure.The combination of laser scanning technology and numerical simulation technology can not only obtain high-precision digital elevation of river bed and fine flow structure,but also greatly shorten the measurement period of experimental flow field.

关 键 词：激光扫描 河流模拟 地形精度 二次流 河床切应力 

分 类 号：TV149[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]