邯郸市1997—2018年流行性乙型脑炎流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis in Handan city, 1997-2018

作　　者：李瑞芳[1] 张炎[1] 赵冉冉[2] 李建坡[1] 马兰 LI Rui-fang;ZHANG Yan;ZHAO Ran-ran;LI Jian-po;MA Lan(Handan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Handan,Hebei 056008,China;The First Hospital of Handan City,Handan,Hebei 056002,China)

机构地区：[1]邯郸市疾病预防控制中心,河北邯郸056008 [2]邯郸市第一医院,河北邯郸056002

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2020年第8期947-949,共3页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2018年度河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划(编号:20181702)。

摘　　要：目的了解邯郸市流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)发病趋势和流行病学特征,为今后制定乙脑防控策略提供依据。方法利用描述性流行病学方法对1997—2018年邯郸市乙脑病例的流行病学特征进行整理和分析。结果邯郸市1997—2018年共报告乙脑病例290例,年平均发病率为0.15/10万。原19个县(市、区)均有乙脑病例报告,各地发病情况有差异。发病呈明显季节性,主要集中于夏秋季,8—9月份病例最多。年龄组主要分布在5~9岁年龄组,其次为10~14岁、50~54岁和60~64岁年龄组,且呈现向大年龄组推移趋势。排在前3位的职业分别是农民、学生和散居儿童。结论目前乙脑低发态势下,邯郸市乙脑防控工作要在继续保持乙脑疫苗高接种率基础上,关注重点人群(成人)和重点地区,做好健康教育,开展蚊虫监测工作,及时清除蚊虫孳生地,将蚊密度控制在较低水平。Objective To investigate the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis(JE) in Handan city so as to provide evidence for formulating JE prevention and control strategies in future. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to collating and analyzing the epidemiologic features of reported cases of JE in Handan from 1997 to 2018. Results A total of 290 cases of JE were reported in Handan city from 1997 to 2018, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.15/100,000. All the original 19 counties(cities or districts) reported JE cases, but the incidence of these areas was uneven. The incidence showed obvious seasonality, and was mainly concentrated in summer and autumn, with the peak incidence occurring in August and September. Most of the cases belonged to the age group of 5 to 9 years, followed by the age groups of 10-14 years, 50-54 years and 60-64 years, and there was an increasing trend towards the elder age group. The top three occupations were farmers, students and scattered children. Conclusions As the incidence of JE in Handan city is low at present, comprehensive measures should be taken for JE prevention and control such as continuing to maintain the high vaccination rate of JE vaccine, focusing on the key population(such as adults) and key areas, conducting health education, carrying out mosquito monitoring work, promptly removing mosquito breeding grounds and controlling mosquito density to a lower level.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 流行特征 分析 

分 类 号：R512.32[医药卫生—内科学]