职业健康教育对站立作业人群肌肉骨骼疾患干预的效果分析  

Analysis of the effect of occupational health education on the intervention of musculoskeletal disorders in standing workers

作　　者：黄冬梅 王键 韩丽青 牛卫东 汪燕燕 HUANG Dong-mei;WANG Jian;HAN Li-qing;NIU Wei-dong;WANG Yan-yan(Yinchuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Yinchuan 750001,China)

机构地区：[1]银川市中医医院,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2020年第4期265-267,共3页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的探讨站立作业人群肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的干预策略及效果。方法选择站立作业人群300名,调查其WMSDs患病情况,通过实施健康教育干预,比较干预前后作业工人的WMSDs认知、态度及患病情况变化。结果共发放300份问卷,有效回收286份,有效回收率为95.33%。站立作业286人中,有187人报告患有WMSDs,发生率为65.38%。其中,以腰背部最为高发部位(62.24%),其次分别为颈部(36.01%)、肩/肘部(34.97%)。健康干预后,站立作业人群WMSDs患病率及腰背部、颈部、肩/肘部发生率均明显降低(P<0.05);同时,站立作业人群对WMSDS态度、认知及行为均明显提高,职业安全行为评分明显升高(P<0.05)。结论站立作业人群有较高的WMSDs患病率,开展针对性职业健康干预有助于提高其WMSDs认知、行为水平,有效降低WMSDs患病风险。Objective To explore the intervention effect of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in standing workers.Methods 300workers with standing operation were selected to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs.Through the implementation of health education intervention,WMSDs cognition,attitude and disease status changes of workers were compared before and after the intervention.Results Among the investigated 300 worker,286 were effectively finished the questionnaires,with an effective recovery rate of 95.33%.There were 187people report with WMSDs in the 286people with standing operation,and the prevalence was 65.38%.The highest prevalence was the lower back(62.24%),followed by neck(36.01%)and shoulder/elbow(34.97%).After the health intervention,the prevalence of WMSDs and the prevalence of lower back,neck,shoulder/elbow were significantly reduced(P<0.05).At the same time,the attitude,cognition and behavior on WMSDS were significantly improved,and the occupational safety behavior score was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusions There is a high prevalence of WMSDs among people who work in standing operation.Occupational health intervention related to WMSDs can improve their WMSDs cognition and behavior level,and effectively reduce the risk of WMSDs.

关 键 词：肌肉骨骼疾患 站立作业 健康教育 认知 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]