老年人生活与行为方式潜类别法分析  

Daily life and behavior style among community elderly residents in urban Wuhan: a latent class analysis

作　　者：蒋明珠 熊巨洋[1] 沈晓 张晗 管文博 JIANG Ming-zhu;XIONG Ju-yang;SHEN Xiao(School of Medicine and Health Management,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第7期998-1001,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71673095)。

摘　　要：目的通过对老年人的生活和行为风险因素甄别和类别分析,准确掌握不同类型老年人的生活行为和风险因素特征,为老年慢性病患者干预精准施策提供依据。方法依据2016年武汉市硚口区10家社区医院的≥65岁、共5380名老年人的体检数据,对吸烟、饮食、锻炼、肥胖、生活满意度和社会适应程度6项健康指标进行潜类别分析。结果调查对象中至少患1种慢性病的达3632人,占总人数的67.51%;按照危险因素的分布差异和特征将调查对象分为3类,分别是饮食不健康组、吸烟组、生活不满意组,每组构成为60.39%(3249人)、38.33%(2062人)、1.28%(69人)。3组人群的年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吸烟、生活不尽满意、饮食不健康是老年人群中的3大问题,要重点关注65~75岁的人群、男性、学历较低者。Objective To identify and discriminate chronic disease-related daily life and behavior risk factors among urban community elderly residents for effective intervention on chronic diseases among the elderly.Methods We conducted a questionnaire survey among 5380 physical examinees aged≥65 years at 10 community healthcare hospitals in Qiaokou district of Wuhan city in 2016 and medical records of the physical examinees were extracted simultaneously.We analyzed the information collected on the participants’smoking,diet,exercise,obesity,life satisfaction,and social adaptation using latent class method.Results Among all the participants,3632(67.51%)were identified suffering from at least one chronic disease.Based on the results of latent class analysis,the participants were discriminated into three main subgroups with different chronic disease-related daily life and behavior style and the three subgroups were characterized by smoking(n=3249,accounting for 60.39%of all participants),having poor life satisfaction(2062,38.33%),and having unhealthy diet(69,1.28%).There were significant differences in age,gender,marital status,and education background among the three subgroups.Conclusion Smoking,having poor life satisfaction,and having unhealthy diet are the three major chronic disease-related daily life and behavior risk factors among community elderly in urban Wuhan,especially among those aged65–75 years,being male,and with lower education.

关 键 词：健康 行为方式 慢性病管理 潜类别分析 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]