国内法域外适用的反制急先锋——法国阻断法研究及启示  

Counteracting Extraterritorial Application of Foreign Law——Research on French Blocking Statute and Its Implication

作　　者：李凤宁 Li Fengning

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学法学院

出　　处：《国际经济法学刊》2020年第3期97-113,共17页Journal of International Economic Law

摘　　要：在反制美国法域外适用的各国立法中,法国阻断法是制定最早、使用最频繁的立法之一。该法规定了对外通信禁止措施,在一定条件下禁止向外国传递有关经济、商业、工业、金融或技术事宜的信息或文件。不过,该法在法国国内的实施情况并不理想,在国外也未获足够尊重和认可。美国法院通过国际礼让分析并以法国阻断法无现实起诉风险等为由拒绝认可法国阻断法的效力。中国亦处于类似境地,故应吸取法国阻断法的教训,对违法向境外提供信息、执行冻结扣划命令的应予依法处罚,以在美国法院的国际礼让分析中获取有利地位,并可利用律师—客户法律特权和工作成果等制度来对抗美国法院的取证请求。French Blocking Statute is one of the earliest and most frequently discussed legislations against the extraterritorial application of the laws of the United States.It basically prohibits communication of economic,commercial,industrial,financial,or technical documents or information to be used as evidence in legal proceedings outside of France,under certain conditions and with some exceptions.However,the law has not been applied satisfactorily in France and has not been sufficiently respected and recognized abroad.American courts usually refuse to recognize its effectiveness by comity analysis and on the grounds that there is no realistic risk of prosecution.China is in a similar situation,and should learn from it.On the one hand,those who illegally provide information abroad and execute the order of freezing deduction should be punished,in order to gain a favorable position in the comity analysis of American courts.On the other hand,the attorney-client privilege and work product doctrine can be used to resist the evidence request by American courts.

关 键 词：法国阻断法 国内法域外适用 域外取证 《海牙公约》 国际礼让分析 

分 类 号：D997[政治法律—国际法学]