不同钝化剂对土壤有效态重金属含量及其在小白菜中累积的影响  

Effects of Different Passivators on Available Heavy Metal Contents in Soil and Their Accumulation in Pakchoi

作　　者：苗秀荣 来雪慧 李梦茜 李玉 李娜 冯如意 MIAO Xiurong;LAI Xuehui;LI Mengxi;LI Yu;LI Na;FENG Ruyi(Department of Environment and Safety Engineering,Taiyuan Institute of Technology,Taiyuan 030008,China;School of Geographic Sciences,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China;School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]太原工业学院环境与安全工程系,山西太原030008 [2]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西晋中030619 [3]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2020年第8期63-71,共9页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0917);国家留学基金委出国研究项目(留金法[2018]5028号)。

摘　　要：研究不同钝化剂对土壤有效态Cd、Pb含量和在植物中累积的影响,筛选对Cd、Pb污染农田土壤钝化效果好的钝化剂,为重金属的原位钝化修复提供理论参考。以不添加钝化剂土壤为对照,将膨润土、碳酸钙和生物质炭分别以0.5%、1.0%、2.0%、5.0%的添加量掺入土壤,对小白菜幼苗进行室内培养试验。结果表明,当碳酸钙添加量分别为5.0%和2.0%时,对土壤有效态Cd和Pb的钝化效果较好,土壤有机质含量与土壤有效态Cd、Pb含量呈正相关。添加碳酸钙45 d后,小白菜茎叶部分Cd、Pb含量比对照分别降低59.3%、57.1%。添加钝化剂可以抑制小白菜对Cd、Pb的吸收转运,在小白菜生长中后期,添加碳酸钙和生物质炭抑制Cd、Pb的吸收转运效果较好。添加2.0%的碳酸钙对土壤有效态Cd、Pb含量钝化效果最好,同时碳酸钙、生物质炭对小白菜茎叶部分Cd和Pb的吸收转运抑制作用较强。This study is to research effects of different passivating agents on the available Cd and Pb contents in soil and their accumulation in plants,and select the passivating agents with better passivating effect on Cd and Pb polluted farmland,which will provide a theoretical reference for the passivated remediation of heavy metals in situ.Took soil without passivating agent as control,and selected bentonite,calcium carbonate and biomass carbon as the passivators,with the designed addition amounts in soil of 0.5%,1.0%,2.0%and 5.0%respectively to conduct indoor pot experiment on pakchoi seedlings.The results showed that,calcium carbonate had better passivating effects on soil available Cd and Pb at the additive amounts of 5.0%and 2.0%,and the soil organic matter content was positively correlated with the soil available Cd and Pb content.After calcium carbonate was added for 45 days,the contents of Cd and Pb in the stems and leaves of pakchoil decreased by 59.3%and 57.1%compared with control.The passivating agents could inhibit the uptake and transport of Cd and Pb by pakchoi.Calcium carbonate and biomass carbon had better controlling effects on the Cd and Pb absorption and transport in the middle and later growth stage of pakchoi.Adding 2.0%calcium carbonate had the best passivating effects on soil available Cd and Pb,and calcium carbonate and biomass carbon presented stronger inhibition on Cd and Pb absorption and transport in the stems and leaves of pakchoi.

关 键 词：钝化剂 土壤 有效态重金属 铅 镉 小白菜 生物富集 

分 类 号：S19[农业科学—农业基础科学] S634.3