有限差序的社会结合及其现代性转化——基于新化数码快印“同乡同业”的思考  

Limited Differential Mode of Association and Its Modern Transition:A Reflection on Printing Industry Run by Xinhua People

作　　者：谭同学 TAN Tongxue

机构地区：[1]云南大学西南边疆少数民族研究中心,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期18-28,共11页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：云南大学民族学一流学科建设项目“新时代边疆汉族社会转型与治理研究”(2019SY046)。

摘　　要：乡土社会“差序格局”的结合模式,以“亲亲”机制“类”“推”扩展关系网络,并非儒家理想型的“爱无差等”,而是有其限度。这是儒家“大传统”与乡村“小传统”在实践中互动、妥协的结果。当代大市场中常见的“同乡同业”,既依赖亲缘,更依赖基于方言亲近感的地缘拓展社会关系网络。其中,“文化亲密”是“同乡”聚集资源、降低成本并赢得市场竞争的核心机制。“文化亲密”机制同样也不能无限扩展,而是在特定情境下有特定的弹性边界。基于同一方言地缘关系的“同乡”可整合为“同业”,此边界外更广泛意义上的“同乡”则不能,但这又不妨碍在其他情境下,人们与方言群以外的人保持紧密关系。较之于“亲亲”机制,这种社会结合模式更具有开放性。这是“有限差序”嵌入城镇化和大市场,与现代性相结合的结果。Differential mode of association(DMA)in rural China extended social network limitedly by‘lei’(analogy),and‘tui’(popularizing),based on‘qin qin’(kinship intimacy),rather than ideal Confucian‘love without difference’.It s the result of interactions and compromises between Confucian‘great tradition’and peasants‘little tradition’in practice.People from same hometown(PSH)run same business in contemporary Chinese market.They relied on geographical relationship based on‘cultural intimacy’of dialect much more than kinship to extend social network.Cultural intimacy was the core mechanism for them to organize resources,reduce costs,and win in market competition.‘Cultural intimacy’,also,couldn t extend without limit,and had specific flexible boundaries in specific contexts.PSH with same dialect could run same business,but PSH without same dialect couldn t.Nevertheless,they could have other close friends in other occasions.Compared with‘qin qin’,this kind of social mode was much more open.It s the result of limited DMA,which was embedded in urbanization and market economy and integrated with modernity.

关 键 词：同乡同业 有限差序 “亲亲”机制 文化亲密 

分 类 号：D634[政治法律—政治学]