高风电渗透区域能源系统的电热设备经济优化配置  

Capacity optimization of electric heating devices for a typical district energy system with higher wind power penetration

作　　者：王晋达 周志刚 赵加宁 郑进福 WANG Jinda;ZHOU Zhigang;ZHAO Jia′ning;ZHENG Jinfu(Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,School of Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao Technological University,Qingdao 266033,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090 [2]河北工业大学能源与环境工程学院,天津300401 [3]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2020年第3期362-369,共8页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2015BAA01B01).

摘　　要：我国风电多采用集中式开发、远距离输送的发展模式。然而,我国电网建设相对滞后、热电联产机组冬季“以热定电”运行严重影响到区域电网对波动性可再生能源的消纳,造成北方地区许多风电场在供暖季出现严重弃风。适度发展集中式电供热、充分挖掘燃煤供热机组参与电网调节的潜力,能够有效促进风电消纳并减少系统的总运行能耗。对于接入高比例风电的北方某典型区域能源系统,配置一定容量的乏汽余热回收热泵和电锅炉能够显著降低风电场的弃风率并带来可观的经济收益。本文以区域能源系统电热改造项目在整个供暖季的净收益最大为目标,对新增电热设备的最优装机容量进行遗传优化。案例计算表明:设备优化配置容量受可变投资成本的影响较大、同时配置一定容量的余热回收热泵和电锅炉能够取得最佳的经济效益。此外,由于电热设备投资的边际收益递减,完全消除弃风并不经济。Centralized development and long-distance transportation are the main characteristics of the wind power industry in China for many years.However,there are limitations in the inter because of the shortage of high-capacity power transmission lines and the limited operational flexibility of coal-fired combined heat and power units.Many district energy systems(DESs)suffered serious wind curtailments in the heating season.Introducing extra electric heating devices(e.g.,exhaust heat recycling heat pumps and electric heat boilers)into the existing DES could be an effective way to improve wind power integration and reduce the operating costs during the heating season.In this study,a novel optimization model was proposed to determine the cost-optimal installed capacities of different electric heating devices.Genetic Algorithms were used to solve the optimization problem and the net profits(NP)were regarded as the fitness values for each individual in one population.Based on case studies,the cost-optimal installed capacities were strongly affected by the variable construction costs.Furthermore,the higher NP can be achieved by introducing both heat pumps and electric boilers.In addition,although the curtailed wind power could be reduced significantly,wind curtailment cannot be eliminated from the economic perspective.

关 键 词：弃风消纳 供暖季净收益 容量优化配置 逐时优化调度 边际收益递减 遗传优化 热电联产 电力调峰 

分 类 号：TU833.1[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]