2012~2018年某三甲妇幼保健院新生儿室多重耐药菌的趋势变化及感染特点  

The trend change and infection characteristics of multidrug-resistant bacteria in neonatal room of a triple maternity and child care hospital from 2012 to 2018

作　　者：张静[1] 李渠[1] 李芹 ZHANG Jing;LI Qu;LI Qin(Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children,the department of hospital infection control,Sichuan Chengdu610045)

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院院感科,四川成都610045

出　　处：《医学检验与临床》2020年第6期16-19,61,共5页Medical Laboratory Science and Clinics

摘　　要：目的:分析新生儿室7年来多重耐药菌不同部位标本检出情况,以及感染特点.方法:收集某三甲妇幼保健院新生儿室2012~2018年检测出的251株多重耐药菌株,分别对不同菌种感染类型,不同部位标本分离出菌种情况进行描述,并比较2012年~2018年期间多重耐药菌种检出及感染类型差异.结果:2012年~2018年多重耐药菌发现率总体呈下降趋势,但肺炎克雷伯菌耐药形式发生了改变.不同菌种在不同感染类型中存在显著差异,社区感染χ^2=138.00,P<0.05;院内感染χ^2=69.00,P<0.05,污染菌χ^2=92.00,P<0.05,定植菌χ^2=92.00,P<0.05.结论:肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌为新生儿室常见多重耐药菌,但易引起院内感染菌种为肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌.应合理使用抗菌药物,及早有效落实防控措施,减少细菌耐药,控制流行传播.Objective:To analyze the specimen detection of multi-drug resistant bacteria in different parts of neonatal room and the characteristics of infection over 7 years.Methods:A total of 251 multi-drug resistant strains detected,from 2012 to 2018,in the neonatal room of a triple maternal and child health hospital were collected.Different types of bacterial infection and different parts of the specimens isolated strains were described.In addition,the differences of detection and infection types of multidrug-resistant bacteria,from 2012 to 2018,were compared.Results:From 2012 to 2018,the detection rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria showed an overall downward trend,but the drug-resistant form of Klebsiella pneumoniae had changed.There were significant differences among different types of infection,the differences of community infection were(χ^2=138.00,P<0.05),nosocomial infection(χ^2=69.00,P<0.05),pollution of bacteria(χ^2=92.00,P<0.05),Colonize the fungus(χ^2=92.00,P<0.05).Conclusion:K.pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most common multidrug-resistant bacteria in neonatal rooms.Among these multidrug-resistant bacteria,K.pneumonia and E.coli tend to cause nosocomial infection.In order to reduce bacterial resistance and control the spread of the epidemic,the measures of rational use of antimicrobial agents and early and effective implementation of prevention and control were taken.

关 键 词：新生儿室 多重耐药菌 标本 流行 

分 类 号：R44[医药卫生—诊断学]