中国互联网使用对社会资本影响的元分析  

A Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Internet Use on Social Capital in China

作　　者：来向武[1] 任玉琛 Lai Xiangwu;Ren Yuchen

机构地区：[1]西北大学新闻传播学院 [2]深圳大学传播学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2020年第6期21-38,126,共19页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目“互联网群组治理与社会资本的约束作用研究”(项目编号:18XXW012)的研究成果。

摘　　要：从帕特南和林南那里开始,关于互联网使用对社会资本的影响作用,究竟是侵蚀还是促进,就一直存在争论。随着互联网对社会影响的不断增大,这一问题的显著度及重要性越来越高。近20年来,我国研究者们先后对不同对象、不同网络传播渠道、不同互联网使用方式对社会资本的影响作用,做了大量检验,但结论仍莫衷一是。论文采用元分析方法,在既有的127个独立研究中,筛选出52个符合研究要求的对象,进行随机效应模型分析,总样本量为23202个。研究发现:总体而言,中国经验中的互联网使用和社会资本具有中等强度的正相关性(相关系数=0.28,95%置信区间[0.23,0.33])。而且,以往研究的高异质性是由于真正的差异,而非抽样误差造成的。对9个潜在调节变量的探究显示:性别比例、文献发表时间、调查情境3个因素,并不影响互联网使用对社会资本作用的研究。而互联网类型、使用者身份类别、互联网使用测量方式、社会资本测量方式、抽样方式、发表偏见这6个因素,都显著影响到互联网使用对社会资本获得的研究。Beginning with Robert Putnam and Lin Nan,there have been conflicting arguments about whether the use of Internet erodes or promotes social capital.With the increasing influence of the internet on society,this issue is becoming more and more important.In the past 20 years,Chinese researchers have conducted a great deal of research that addressed the relationship between social capital and internet use that varies in time,user identity,communication channels,and usage style,but their conclusions remain inconsistent.In order to clarify this issue and inform future research in this area,the present study used the meta-analysis method to analyze the existing research on the association of internet use and social capital conducted in China's Mainland.From the existing 127 independent studies on this topic,we included 52 eligible studies with a total sample size of 23,202 for random effect model analysis.The analysis revealed a moderate effect size of the relationship between the Internet use and social capital,r=0.28(95%confidence interval[0.23,0.33]).Moreover,the high heterogeneity of previous studies is due to real differences,rather than sampling errors.The follow-up moderation analysis showed that gender ratio,publication time,and investigation context did not affect the impact of Internet use on social capital.However,Internet type,user identity,Internet usage measurement,social capital measurement,sampling method,and publication bias all significantly moderated the effect of Internet use on social capital.

关 键 词：互联网 社会网络 社会资本 元分析 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济] F014.39