《医林改错》五“逐瘀汤”治疗妇科疾病概况  

General Situation of Five"Kinds of Stasis-Expelling Decoction"in Treating Gynecological Diseases in Correction of Errors in Medical Works

作　　者：刘晓焱 张菁[1] LIU Xiao-miao;ZHANG Jing(The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM,Tianjin,China,300193)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学第一附属医院,天津300193

出　　处：《河南中医》2020年第8期1292-1296,共5页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：清代王清任在所著《医林改错》中提出血瘀证的共同病机是瘀血阻滞,他创制了一系列活血化瘀的名方,其中最具代表性的就是血府逐瘀汤、膈下逐瘀汤、少腹逐瘀汤、通窍活血汤、身痛逐瘀汤,称为五"逐瘀汤"。五"逐瘀汤"以川芎、当归、红花、桃仁、赤芍为基础药物,均有活血祛瘀止痛之效。血府逐瘀汤在月经病、妊娠病、产后病、妇科杂病中均有应用;少腹逐瘀汤擅治痛经及头痛等因寒凝血瘀或气滞血瘀所导致的经行诸症;膈下逐瘀汤对于痛经、多囊卵巢综合征所致闭经与盆腔炎症等均有较好的疗效;身痛逐瘀汤可治疗产后身痛;通窍活血汤经期服用可有效缓解经期头痛。同时,在现代医学实验学发展和循证医学的背景下,可通过实验动物数据指标的变化观察中药汤剂的药理作用,如少腹逐瘀汤改善子宫内膜异位症型痛经,膈下逐瘀汤改善多囊卵巢综合征型闭经与慢性输卵管炎等,可使中药在妇科疾病的治疗上更有循证依据。Wang Qing-ren of the Qing Dynasty wrote Correction of Errors in Medical Works,and believed that the common pathogenesis of blood stasis syndrome is stagnation of blood stasis.He created a series of famous prescriptions for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,among which the most representative ones are Blood Mansion Stasis-Expelling Decoction,Lower Abdominal Stasis-Expelling Decoction,Expelling Stasis Below the Diaphragm Decoction,Generalized Pain Stasis-Expelling Decoction,Decoction for Activating Blood Circulation,which are called five"kinds of Stasis-Expelling Decoction".They are based on Chuanxiong(Rhizoma Chuanxiong),Danggui(Radix Angelicae Sinensis),Honghua(Flos Carthami),Taoren(Semen Persicae)and Chishao(Radix Paeoniae Rubra),and all of them have the effect of promoting blood circulation,removing blood stasis and relieving pain.Blood Mansion Stasis-Expelling Decoction is often used to treat menstrual disease,pregnancy disease,postpartum disease,miscellaneous gynecological diseases.Lower Abdominal Stasis-Expelling Decoction is good at treating dysmenorrhea and headache,which are caused by cold coagulation and blood stasis or qi stagnation and blood stasis.Expelling Stasis Below the Diaphragm Decoction has good curative effect on amenorrhea and pelvic inflammation caused by dysmenorrhea and polycystic ovary syndrome.Generalized Pain Stasis-Expelling Decoction can treat postpartum pain.Decoction for Activating Blood Circulation can effectively relieve menstrual headache when taken in menstrual period.At the same time,in the background of the development of modern medical laboratory science and evidence-based medicine,we can observe the pharmacological effect of Chinese medicinal decoction through the changes of experimental animal data indicators,such as Lower Abdominal Stasis-Expelling Decoction for improving dysmenorrhea of endometriosis type,Expelling Stasis Below the Diaphragm Decoction for improving amenorrhea of polycystic ovary syndrome type and chronic salpingitis,which can make Chin

关 键 词：血府逐瘀汤 少腹逐瘀汤 膈下逐瘀汤 身痛逐瘀汤 通窍活血汤 妇科疾病 王清任 《医林改错》 

分 类 号：R271.1[医药卫生—中医妇科学]