野生羊肚菌Mel-21的系统发育分析和驯化  

Phylogenetic Analysis and Domestication of Wild Morel Mel-21

作　　者：蔡英丽 马晓龙 路等学[2] 张亚 刘伟 CAI Yingli;MA Xiaolong;LU Dengxue;ZHANG Ya;LIU Wei(Institute of Vegetable,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 4300345,China;Institute of Biology,Gansu Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China;Sichuan Junyinong Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd,Chengdu,Sichuan 610110,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市农业科学院蔬菜研究所,湖北武汉430345 [2]甘肃省科学院生物研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]四川菌益侬农业科技有限公司,四川成都610110

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2020年第3期23-29,共7页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：国家食用菌产业技术体系项目(CARS-20)。

摘　　要：对采集自四川和重庆的4个野生羊肚菌(Morchella spp.)菌株进行组织分离及多基因系统发育分析,研究表明:供试菌株均为羊肚菌属的Mel-21系统发育种。依据当前羊肚菌以外源营养袋提供营养的大田栽培模式,对其中2个分离菌株16-4J2和16-A1进行驯化,发现供试菌株的原基在地温约10℃时开始发生(数量均较少),形状短粗;成熟子囊果卵圆锥形至锥形,中等偏小,平均单菇重8~20 g;16-4J2和16-A1的平均产量分别为(82±10)g·m^-2和(106±14)g·m^-2,在当前栽培模式下,2个菌株均达不到商业化栽培的要求。Four wild morel samples collected from Sichuan and Chongqing province were first isolated to obtain pure cultures by tissue separation,and then subjected to multi-gene phylogenetic analysis.The phylogenetic analysis result showed that all the samples were identified as the Mel-21 phylogeny species.Using the current artificial morel cultivation mode with external nutrition bags as the external nutrition feeder,two isolates,16-A1 and 16-4 J2,were domesticated and cultivated.The cultivation results showed that a few short and stout primordia emerged on both strains when the ground temperature was about 10℃.The mature ascocarps were ovum conic or conical,medium to small in size,and the average weight of single ascocarp was 8~20 g.The average yield of 16-4 J2 and 16-A1 were(82±10)g·m^-2 and(106±14)g·m^-2,respectively.Considering the current yield of these two strains,there is still a long way to go before they can be commercially cultivated.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 驯化栽培 系统发育学分析 菌种选育 

分 类 号：S646.7[农业科学—蔬菜学]