基于隧道掌子面炮孔钻进的超前地质预报技术研究  

Advanced Geological Prediction Technology Based on Tunnel Face Borehole Drilling

作　　者：瞿竹 姬同旭 田湖南[3] QU Zhu;JI Tong-xu;TIAN Hu-nan(Guizhou Sandu-Dushan Expressway Construction Co.,Ltd.,Dushan Guizhou 558200,China;Guizhou Transportation Planning Survey&Design Academe Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang Guizhou 550081,China;Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan Hubei 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州三独高速公路建设有限公司,贵州独山558200 [2]贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司,贵州贵阳550081 [3]中科院武汉岩土力学研究所,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2020年第7期97-102,110,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：贵州省交通运输厅科技项目(2017-123-034)。

摘　　要：钻孔过程中钻具与岩土体进行直接接触,钻具响应信息综合反映了岩土体的力学性质,钻具响应信息中隐藏的大量地质资料,可用于分析、测定岩土体的力学参数和空间分布,是进行地层界面识别和围岩级别划分的重要参考指标。现阶段在岩土工程领域的钻具响应信息并没有被收集,造成了数据资源的极大浪费。为充分利用隧道炮孔钻进中的相关参数信息,采集并建立参数与围岩质量的关系,结合掌子面地质情况,对掌子面前方围岩级别进行预报。依托贵州三独高速开展基于隧道掌子面炮孔钻进的超前地质预报技术研究并得到以下成果。研究证明了岩石的可钻性与钻进速度、振动加速度以及振动频率有直接的关系。在此基础上完成了隧道掌子面炮孔钻进短距离地质预报的理论研究;研发了一套随钻监测设备,应用于气动凿岩机,随钻设备可采集钻机钻进速率、振动加速度的实时数据;将采集到的钻进速率,振动加速度进行分析研究,构建了岩体级别和钻进信息的定量关系;通过在依托工程中的应用,初步建立了基于围岩岩石类型为石英砂岩的不同级别围岩的岩石抗钻系数标准数据库。并与开挖现场的地质报告进行比对,完善了数据库。In the process of drilling,the drilling tool contacts with the rock and soil directly.The response information of the drilling tool reflects the mechanical properties of the rock and soil comprehensively.A large number of geological data hidden in the response information of the drilling tool can be used to analyze and determine the mechanical parameters and spatial distribution of the rock and soil.It is an important reference indicator for the identification of the formation interface and the classification of the surrounding rock.At present,the response information of drilling tools in the field of geotechnical engineering has not been collected,resulting in a great waste of data resources.In order to make full use of the relevant parameter information in tunnel blasthole drilling,the relationship between the parameters and the quality of surrounding rock is collected and established.Combining with the geological situation of the tunnel face,the level of surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face is predicted.Relying on Guizhou Sandu-Dushan expressway,the advance geological prediction technology based on borehole drilling of tunnel face is researched,and the following results are obtained.It proves that the drillability of rock is directly related to drilling speed,vibration acceleration and vibration frequency.On this basis,the theoretical research on short-distance geological prediction of borehole drilling in tunnel face is completed.A set of monitoring equipment while drilling is developed and applied to pneumatic rock drill.The monitoring equipment while drilling can collect the real-time data of drilling speed and vibration acceleration of the drilling machine.The collected drilling speed and vibration acceleration are analyzed,and the quantitative relationship between rock mass level and drilling information is established.Based on the application in project,the standard data base of rock anti drilling coefficients of different levels of surrounding rock based on the rock type of quartz sandstone is p

关 键 词：隧道工程 超前地质预报 掌子面 炮孔钻进 凿岩机 

分 类 号：U452.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]