多因素作用下道路运输市场结构演化及无车承运人的策略  

Evolution of Road Transport Market Structure and Strategy of Non-truck Operating Carrier under Multi Factors

作　　者：陈煜婧 杨斌[1] CHEN Yu-jing;YANG Bin(Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学,上海201306

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2020年第7期135-143,共9页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71471109);上海市科委科研计划项目(17DZ2280200)。

摘　　要：区别于传统道路运输企业重资产经营策略,无车承运人利用互联网技术实现轻资产运营并逐渐占据道路运输市场部分份额,导致道路运输市场结构发生改变。为研究无车承运人的发展对道路运输市场结构的影响,首先结合定性分析,说明单一的运价竞争不再是道路运输市场核心竞争力,信誉水平和信息利用率对发货人选择承运商起到重要作用。然后进一步量化不同发展阶段无车承运人的信誉水平和信息利用率,运用纳什均衡理论建立数学模型,分析处于不同发展阶段的无车承运人在3个因素作用下对道路运输市场结构的影响并提出相应的建议。结果表明,在道路运输市场演化过程中,单一的定价策略无论对无车承运人还是传统道路运输企业都会导致市场成员间的可持续竞争力下降,应制定关于信誉水平和信息利用率的可持续发展策略以保证道路运输企业的竞争力。在发展初期,无车承运人对传统道路运输企业的市场占有率影响增大,应提高其信誉水平,以达到快速占领市场份额的目的;在发展中期,无车承运人随着信誉水平的影响降低,其对传统道路运输企业市场份额的影响相较于初期有所减小,因此,无车承运人在保持信誉水平不变的前提下应通过提高信息利用率,进一步扩大市场份额并增强客户黏性。Different from the heavy-asset management strategy of traditional road transport enterprises,non-truck operating carrier uses Internet technology to realize light asset operation and gradually occupies part of the road transport market,leading to change in the structure of road transport market.To study the influence of the development of non-truck operating carrier on the road transport market structure,first,combining with qualitative analysis,it shows that single freight rate competition is no longer the core competitiveness of road transport market,credibility level and information utilization rate play an important role in the shipper’s choice of carrier.Then,the credibility levels and information utilization rates of non-truck operating carrier at different development stages are further quantified.A mathematical model is established by using Nash equilibrium theory,the influence of non-truck operating carrier on the road transport market structure at different development stages under the action of 3 factors,and the corresponding suggestion is put forward.The result shows that(1)In the process of road transport market evolution,a single pricing strategy will lead to a decline in sustainable competitiveness for both the non-truck operating carrier and traditional road transport enterprises,and a sustainable development strategy on credibility level and information utilization rate should be formulated to ensure the competitiveness of road transport enterprises.(2)At the early development stage,the influence of non-truck operating carrier on the market share of traditional road transport enterprises is increased,the credibility level should be improved to achieve the purpose of quickly occupying market share.(3)At mid-development stage,as the influence of non-truck operating carrier’s credibility level decreases,its influence on the market share of traditional road transport enterprises decreased compared to the initial stage.Therefore,on the premise of maintaining the credibility level,the non-truck ope

关 键 词：运输经济 市场结构 博弈论 无车承运人 信誉 信息利用率 

分 类 号：F540.5[经济管理—产业经济]