清季新疆设督与治疆思路考析  

An Analysis of the Controversy about Establishing the Position of Xinjiang Governor-General and the Governance of Xinjiang in the Late Qing

作　　者：章成 Zhang Cheng

机构地区：[1]暨南大学中国史博士后流动站

出　　处：《近代史研究》2020年第4期38-50,M0003,共14页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：中国博士后基金65批面上资助“晚清新疆未刊史料整理与边疆治理研究(1884-1912)”(2019M653304)课题成果。

摘　　要：伊犁将军长庚在清末新政时期推动的新疆设督讨论,引发了朝野要员对西北边疆治理模式的争议。长庚在筹划设督的过程中,先后与军机大臣、地方政要展开交锋。新疆设督的争论焦点,由人事纠葛到官缺设置,再到边疆认知、管控模式,随着多次辩论逐渐深入。清廷最终延续了治疆旧制,重新布置了新疆的权力格局,造成了陕甘总督的更替。光绪末年的新疆议设总督事件,既融合了清季新疆体制建构的诸次讨论,也在宣统年间的西北社会中显现出其延续性影响,具有承前启后的重要意义。In the New Policy Reform of the late Qing,Ili General Changgeng proposed to establish the position of Xinjiang Governor-General and his proposal led to the controversy among the political elites about the governance of the northwestern frontier.Changgeng had conflicts with the Grand Councilors and local officials when he promoted his agenda.Along with the multiple rounds of discussions,their controversy gradually moved into more profound levels.The topics of their discussions included the institution of personnel,the perception of the frontiers,and the mode of governance.Eventually,the Qing court decided to continue the old system in Xinjiang but rearranged the power structure there,and these policies resulted in the change of the Shaanxi-Gansu Governor-General.The controversy about establishing the position of the Xinjiang Governor-General in the late years of the Guangxu Reign also had impact on the Northwestern society in the Xuantong Reign and influenced the governance of Xinjiang continuously.

关 键 词：新疆 督抚 陕甘总督 长庚 边疆治理 

分 类 号：D691.72[政治法律—政治学] K249[政治法律—中外政治制度]