浙江长兴2016—2018年高温中暑病例流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of heatstroke in Changxing of Zhejiang,2016-2018

作　　者：闫福[1] 施长苗[1] 罗康 李胜 YAN Fu;SHI Chang-miao;LUO Kang;LI Sheng(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Changxing County,Changxing,Zhejiang313100,China)

机构地区：[1]长兴县疾病预防控制中心,浙江长兴313100

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2020年第3期419-423,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的分析2016—2018年长兴县高温中暑病例的流行病学特征,为制定高温中暑预防措施和控制策略提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集长兴县2016—2018年中暑病例报告信息。使用Excel 2007软件整理原始数据,运用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计分析,采用χ^2检验和t检验。结果2016—2018年长兴县累计报告中暑288例,总报告发病率为15.15/10万,其中轻症病例220例(76.39%),重症病例68例(23.61%)。死亡1例,病死率为0.35%。中暑病例集中在城区(48.96%),时间上集中在7—8月,7月份上报的病例数最多(62.50%)。其中男性216例,女性72例,男女性别比为3∶1;重症病例中,男性52例,女性16例,男女性别比为3.25∶1。轻症中暑男女病例数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。男性病例平均年龄为(47.95±15.19)岁,女性病例平均年龄为(51.04±21.62)岁,男性病例平均年龄低于女性,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。中暑人数最多的是50~59岁年龄组。当气温高于35℃,中暑病例数快速增加,以轻症中暑为主;当气温高于37℃,重症中暑病例的比例增加;当气温高于39℃,中暑病例总数呈下降趋势。结论每年的7—8月是中暑的高发月份,以男性病例为主,轻症病例多;年龄集中在30~60岁之间。需要在高温天气采取积极措施,并有效应对,以减轻高温对公众的健康危害。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of heatstroke cases caused by high temperature in Changxing county from 2016 to 2018,provide scientific basis for the formulation of preventive measures and control strategies for heat stroke.Methods Information on heatstroke cases reported in Changxing county from 2016 to 2018 was collected through the"China disease prevention and control information system".Excel 2007 was used to sort out the original data,and Chi-square and t test were used for statistical analysis by SPSS 21.0.Results From 2016 to 2018,a total of 288 cases of heatstroke were reported in Changxing,with an average annual incidence of 15.15/100000.There was 1 death with a case fatality rate of 0.35%,including 220 cases of mild disease(76.39%)and 68 cases of severe disease(23.61%).Heatstroke cases were concentrated in urban areas(48.9%),mainly from July to August,and the most cases were reported in July(62.50%).Among them,there were 216 male cases and 72 female cases,with a gender ratio of 3.0:1.Among the severe cases,there were 52 males and 16 females,with a gender ratio of 3.25:1.There were no statistically significant differences in the number of mild heatstroke cases between men and women(P>0.05).The mean age of male cases was(47.95±15.19)years old,and the mean age of female cases was(51.04±21.62)years old,the mean age of male cases was lower than that of female cases,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The largest number of people suffering from heat stroke was in the age group of 50~60 years old.When the temperature above 35℃,heatstroke cases increased rapidly,there were mainly mild heatstroke.When the temperature was higher than 37℃,the proportion of cases of severe heatstroke was increased;when the temperature was higher than 39℃,the total number of heat stroke cases showed a trend of decrease.Conclusion Heat stroke is closely related to high temperature.The heat stroke is most common from July to August every year,male cases are the majority,mild ca

关 键 词：高温 中暑 重症中暑 轻症中暑 

分 类 号：R594.12[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]