2009-2019年马鞍山市职业病发病特征  

Epidemic characteristics of occupational diseases in Ma’anshan City from 2009 to 2019

作　　者：任卫国 高峰[2] 金昱 李会珍[3] REN Wei-guo;GAO Feng;JIN Yu;LI Hui-zhen(Third Supervisory Section,Ma'anshan Health and Family Planning Supervision Bureau,Ma'anshan Anhui,243000,China;Department of Public Health,Ma'anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ma'anshan Anhui,243000,China;Health Management Center,Central Hospital of Ma'anshan,Ma'anshan Anhui,243000,China)

机构地区：[1]马鞍山市卫生和计生监督执法局三科,安徽马鞍山243000 [2]马鞍山市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生科,安徽马鞍山243000 [3]马鞍山市中心医院健康管理中心,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第11期1453-1457,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解马鞍山市各类职业病发病情况,为制定科学合理的职业病防控措施提供参考依据。方法收集马鞍山市2009-2019年新诊断的职业病病例信息,对职业病的分类构成、发病单位特征、地区分布和人群特征等进行分析。结果2009-2019年马鞍山市共新诊断职业病203例,以职业性尘肺病(79.8%)、职业性化学中毒(4.43%)、职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病(6.90%)和职业性眼病(6.90%)为主,主要分布在铁矿采选、钢铁冶炼和压延加工、金属制品、化学原料和化学制品制造等行业,男性高于女性,企业规模呈以大型企业为主导、中小型企业并发的态势。社会事务(退伍坑道兵)、铁矿采选业及钢铁冶炼和压延加工业3个行业尘肺病发病年龄比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^2=4.281,P>0.05),三者工龄比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=95.038,P<0.01)。结论2009-2019年马鞍山市职业病种类较多,尘肺病、苯中毒、噪声聋等传统职业病防治仍然是职业病防治的重点,也要高度重视职业性皮肤病和布鲁菌病等近年来新出现的职业病的防治工作。Objective To understand the incidence of various occupational diseases in Ma’anshan City from 2009 to 2019,provide reference for formulating scientific and reasonable prevention and control measures of occupational diseases.Methods The data of new diagnosed cases of occupational diseases in Ma’anshan City from 2009 to 2019 were collected,and the classification of occupational diseases,the characteristics of the unit,the regional distribution,the characteristics of the population were analyzed.Results Totally 203 new diagnosed cases of occupational diseases were reported in Ma’anshan City from 2009 to 2019,focus on occupational pneumoconiosis(79.8%),occupational chemical poisoning(4.43%),occupational otolaryngological and stomatological diseases(6.90%)and occupational eye diseases(6.90%).The patients were mainly distributed in the industries of iron ores mining&dressing,steel smelting and rolling processing,metal products,chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing.There were no statistically significant difference in the onset age of of pneumoconiosis among three industries of social affairs(retired pit soldiers),iron ores mining&dressing,and steel smelting and rolling processing(χ^2=4.281,P>0.05),while the differences in the years of exposure was statistically significant among them(χ^2=95.038,P<0.01).Conclusion From2009 to 2019,there were many kinds of occupational diseases in Ma’anshan City.The emphasis of occupational disease prevention was the traditional occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis,benzene poisoning and noise deafness,and the prevention and treatment of new occupational diseases such as occupational skin diseases and brucellosis should be also attached great importance.

关 键 词：马鞍山市 职业病 发病特征 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]