建设性新闻视角下中国垃圾分类报道实践考察——以澎湃新闻相关报道为例  

From Solution to Construction: A Study of Reporting on the Practice of Garbage Classification from the Perspective of Constructive Journalism

作　　者：邵鹏[1] 谢怡然 SHAO Peng;XIE Yi-ran

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学人文学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《新闻大学》2020年第6期23-35,122,123,共15页Journalism Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“新媒体环境下公共传播的伦理与规范研究”(19AXW007);国家社科基金项目“人类命运共同体理念与全球传播秩序重建研究”(18BXW062)。

摘　　要：建设性新闻尝试以积极的态度、正面的视角和解决问题的行动策略报道新闻,推动新闻报道健康发展,被认为是西方新闻业的"自我救赎"。这同国内"正面报道"和"正能量传播"取向相似,给国内新闻研究和实践带来了丰富的想象空间。本文以澎湃新闻客户端中"垃圾分类"报道为研究对象,运用内容分析和文本分析的方法,分析国内现行新闻报道理念与建设性新闻理念之间的同异,为完善正面报道和正能量传播理论寻找新的观念及思路。研究发现,国内新闻报道依然没有摆脱宣传话语的困境,正负面典型报道的框架依然存在,扁平单一的行动方案使得报道缺乏活力,新闻报道尚有较大的细化和深化空间。因此,中国既需要客观报道事实真相的专业主义新闻,也需要"积极""建设""参与"的媒体导向和"主动记者"的建设性新角色。Constructive journalism, considered as the "self-redemption" of western journalism, tries to report news with a positive attitude, positive perspective and problem-solving strategies and promotes the healthy development of news reporting. This trend, seemingly different from, and yet essentially similar to, the journalistic practice of providing "positive reports" and "positive energy" in China, brings abundant imaginative space for Chinese press circles to do news research and practice. This paper takes the reports on "garbage classification" on the mobile APP of The Paper as the research object, adopts content analysis method and text analysis method to discuss the elements of "good news" and analyzes the similarities and differences between the current journalistic philosophy and constructive journalistic philosophy in China with an aim to discover new concepts and thoughts for the positive report and positive energy communication theory. This research has revealed that news reporting still has yet to get rid of the inertia of publicity discourse with a dualistic framework of typically positive and negative reporting;the flat and single action plan leads to the inertness of news reports and that the news reports still have enough room for refinement and deepening. It is suggested in the end that China needs not only professional journalism that can objectively report the truth in time, but also constructive journalism with constructiveness, positiveness, active participatoriness and journalist’s initiativeness.

关 键 词：垃圾分类 建设性新闻 正能量 正面报道 澎湃新闻 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]