超声强制作用下的污泥膨胀控制研究  

On effect of sludge bulking control based on ultrasound function

作　　者：刘波[1,2] 丁新春[1,2] 张建朱[2] 曹勋 LIU Bo;DING Xin-chun;ZHANG Jian-zhu;CAO Xun(School of Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210046,China;Nanjing University&Yancheng Academic of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering,Yancheng 224002,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院,南京210046 [2]南京大学盐城环保工程技术研究院,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2020年第3期1070-1074,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：江苏省环保厅重大技术攻关类课题(2018006)。

摘　　要：为了解决活性污泥法处理废水过程中控制污泥膨胀的措施没有从根本上控制丝状菌导致延误了污泥膨胀治理的问题,研究利用超声波穿透力强和均匀的特点作用于膨胀的活性污泥。结果表明,经过多组参数优化,当超声功率为0. 035 W/cm^2、作用时间为15 min时,SVI指数可从475 mL/g降至183 mL/g。通过污泥表面电荷、污泥粒径分布和扫描电镜图等表征,表明超声对控制污泥膨胀的作用与污泥表面电荷无相关性;而超声作用前后的冻干污泥扫描电镜显示,丝状菌有明显的断裂迹象且菌丝变短萎缩,超声对丝状菌具有机械折断作用和显著的抑制作用。由于超声法属于绿色的非化学方法,通过调整较优的工艺参数可以快速、有效地控制污泥膨胀,随后续深入研究其作用机理,该方法具有较大的应用空间。This paper intends to introduce a control process of the sludge bulking function to be implemented by the physical method,which has to be realized through the ultrasound processing under the strong and uniform ultrasound penetration activation. Realistically speaking,both the time and the ultrasonic power have to be controlled to optimize the process by taking the following groups of related parameters as the key ones. For the time being,lots of measures can be found available for controlling the sludge bulking process,though most of such measures cannot help to insure the effect to be gained in response to the accurate purposeful goal-achieving standards and consequently may delay the treatment of the sludge bulking. As a result of our research,the optimalized control parameters can be illustraed as follows: the ultrasonic power has to be set about in the limit of only 0. 035 W/cm^2 and the operating time length just of 15 minutes,so as to reduce the SVI index from 475 mL/g to 183 mL/g. And,therefore,it is characteristic that,the charge,the particle size distribution and the electronic scanning microscopy images of the sludge,can all help to find that the zeta potential of the activated sludge under the ultrasound effect may not leave any obvious regularity signs or traces. That is to say,the effect of the ultrasound function on the controlling sludge bulking should not leave any correlated trace to the surface charge of the sludge. On the other hand,the ultrasound treatment under the different parameters should clearly reflect the change of the particle size distribution pre-&-pro the ultrasound activation. And,therefore,it is difficult to analyze the correlation between the particle size distribution and the SVI value. What is more,the particle size distribution should not be taken as the unique index to improve the SVI value. And,so,the electronic scanning microscopy of the freeze-dried sludge pre-&-pro ultrasound activation shows that the filamentous bacteria may have to leave obvious signs of rupture and my

关 键 词：环境工程学 污泥膨胀 超声 活性污泥 丝状菌 控制 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]