沼液浓度对基质栽培草莓叶绿素荧光参数日变化的影响  

Effects of Nutrient Solution Based on Biogas Slurry on Diurnal Change of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Strawberry in Medium Cultivation

作　　者：王红宁[1] 林琭[2] 汤昀[2] 王保平[2] 史向远[2] 孙俊宝[1] WANG Hongning;LIN Lu;TANG Yun;WANG Baoping;SHI Xiangyuan;SUN Junbao(Pomology Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030000;Research Center of Modern Agriculture,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030000)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太原030000 [2]山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心,山西太原030000

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第13期33-41,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：山西省农业科学院科技攻关(一类)(YGG1615)资助项目;山西省重点研发计划重点资助项目(201703D211022);山西省重点研发计划资助项目(201803D221010-2);中央领导地方科技发展专项资金山西省科技创新示范资助项目(2017GA630003)。

摘　　要：以基质栽培"红颜"草莓为试材,以沼液与山崎配方不同浓度(体积比2∶3、1∶1、3∶2)混合液为营养液,测定了不同营养液下生长的草莓叶绿素荧光参数的日变化,分析了各参数与环境因子的关系,以期确定适宜草莓生长的最佳沼液营养液配比。结果表明:草莓叶片PSⅡ的实际光化学量子效率ΦPSⅡ、激发能的捕获效率Fv′/Fm′和光化学淬灭系数qP的日变化均呈先降低后升高的趋势,13:00时达最低值。相对电子传递速率ETR在第1茬果实转红期的日变化呈先升高后降低的趋势,13:00时达最高峰;在第3茬果实完熟期则表现为双峰,峰值分别出现在11:00和15:00,上午峰值稍大于下午。叶片的ΦPSⅡ、Fv′/Fm′和qP在第1茬果实转红期的日均值高于第3茬果实完熟期,但ETR在2个时期内日均值相差不大。沼液浓度影响草莓叶绿素荧光参数的大小。沼液母液∶山崎配方为2∶3时提高了叶片的ΦPSⅡ、Fv′/Fm′、qP和ETR值;沼液母液∶山崎配方为3∶2降低了叶片的ΦPSⅡ、Fv′/Fm′、qP和ETR值;而沼液母液∶山崎配方为1∶1时,除第3茬果实完熟期的ETR值稍大于对照外,其它各参数均与纯山崎配方作为营养液时无显著差异。综合考虑植株生长和生产成本,可将沼液∶山崎配方为1∶1作为草莓基质栽培中营养液的适宜浓度。To determine the optimum mixed proportion of biogas slurry(BS)to Yama Zaki nutrient solution(NS)for strawberry(Fragaria ananassa Duch cv.Benihoppe)in medium cultivation,diurnal changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and the relationships between parameters and environmental factors under different mixture treatments(BS∶NS=2∶3,1∶1 and 3∶2 in volume respectively)were measured and analyzed.The results showed that diurnal changes of actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(ΦPSⅡ),capture efficiency of excitation energy(F′v/F′m)and coefficient of photochemical quenching(qP)decreased first and then increased with lowest value at 13:00.Relative electron transport rate(ETR)increased first and then decreased with peak at 13:00 in turning red during first-cut period(FTR).While in fully maturing during third-cut period(TFM),diurnal change of ETR was double-peak curves with the slightly higher 11:00 peak and the lower 15:00 peak.Daily mean value ofΦPSⅡ,F′v/F′m and qP were higher in FTR than in TFM,in contrast,that of ETR were not different significantly in the two periods.Influences of BS concentration on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were observed in different treatments.ΦPSⅡ,F′v/F′m,qP and ETR were enhanced in mixture of 2∶3(BS:NS),however,the opposite case happened in mixture of 3∶2(BS∶NS).In contrast,only ETR value was appreciably increased in mixture of 1∶1(BS∶NS)than in pure NS(CK)during TFM and other parameters were not different significantly.Therefore,taking plant growth and cost into account,1∶1 was the threshold value for optimum mixed proportion of BS to NS and can be applied in medium cultivation of strawberry.

关 键 词：草莓 沼液 叶绿素荧光参数 日变化 环境因子 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]