地板类型对规模化舍饲山羊五种行为的影响  

Effect of Types of Floor in Large-scale House Feeding on Five Behaviors of Goats

作　　者：刘兴能 张晓川 和晓明 岳丹 朱俊红 邓卫东[1] 席冬梅[1] LIU Xingneng;ZHANG Xiaochuan;HE Xiaoming;YUE Dan;ZHU Junhong;DENG Weidong;XI Dongmei(Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201

出　　处：《饲料博览》2020年第6期31-35,共5页Feed Review

基　　金：国家(2018YFD0501900);云南省(2018BB002)重点研发计划项目支持。

摘　　要：近年来,我国养羊模式由传统放牧养殖逐步转向规模化的舍饲养殖,在舍饲养殖过程中如何改进圈舍设施给羊提供舒适的环境,以满足其生物学特性和行为特点,提高其生产效益,是目前舍饲养羊研究的热点。本试验随机选取4~5月龄的云南本地山羊36只,分别饲养于塑料漏缝地板+混凝土地面型羊舍(1号圈舍)、木制漏缝地板+混凝土地面型羊舍(2号圈舍)、塑料漏缝地板+木制漏缝地板+混凝土地面型羊舍(3号圈舍)3间不同地板类型的圈舍中(每间12只,面积相同),饲养管理完全一致,应用行为监控软件(Multi-Recorder)瞬时取样法(10 s),记录下每个处理组羊群在不同地面类型上采食、站立、躺卧、打斗、异食5种行为特征,连续观察7 d;试验结果表明:3号圈舍中山羊采食时长较1、2号圈舍采食时长显著降低(P<0.05);山羊不同行为表现对3个圈舍地板类型材料选择不同,山羊在混凝土地面上进行站立的时长最长,占总站立时长的69.9%(P<0.05),而在木制漏缝地板上进行躺卧的时长最长,占总躺卧时长的58.3%(P<0.05)。结果说明:不同地板类型能显著影响到山羊的行为特征(P<0.05),山羊不同的行为表现对地板类型的选择不一,为进一步研究规模化舍饲养殖模式下山羊的圈舍地面类型的材料的选用、搭配比例奠定基础。In recent years,The sheep raising mode has gradually changed from traditional grazing farming to large-scale house feeding in China.How to improve the facilities of the enclosure to provide a comfortable environment for the sheep in the process of house feeding,so as to meet its biological and behavioral characteristics and improve its production efficiency is the focus of research on house raising sheep.This experiment randomly selected from 4-5 months 36 local goats of Yunnan,what are raised in plastic leak concrete ground floor and sheep house leak housing(1),wooden floor+concrete ground type sheep house housing(2),plastic leak leak wooden floor+concrete ground floor and sheep house housing(3)three different types of floor in the housing(each 12,area of the same),raising management completely consistent,applied behavior monitoring software(Multi-Recorder)instantaneous sampling method(10 seconds),five behavioral characteristics of feeding,standing,lying,fighting and eating on different ground types were recorded for each treatment group and observed continuously for 7 days.The results showed that the feeding duration of goats in housing(3)enclosure was significantly lower than that in housing(1)and housing(2)enclosure(P<0.05).The goats chose different materials for the three enclosure floors with different behaviors.The goats spent the longest time standing on the concrete floor,accounting for 69.9%of the standing time of the main station(P<0.05),and the longest time lying on the wooden leaky floor,accounting for 58.3%of the total lying time(P<0.05).The results showed that different floor types could significantly affect the behavior characteristics of goats(P<0.05),and different behaviors of goats had different choices of floor types,which laid a foundation for further research on the selection and proportion of materials for the floor types of goats in the large-scale house feeding mode.

关 键 词：山羊 地板类型 行为特征 观测 

分 类 号：S827[农业科学—畜牧学]