河谷盆地型城市景观格局演变及其生态效应  

Landscape pattern evolution and its ecological effects in a valley-basin city

作　　者：陈喜东 石培基[1] 岳晓新 张文敏 刘骁啸 Chen Xi-dong;Shi Pei-ji;Yue Xiao-xin;Zhang Wen-min;Liu Xiao-xiao(Gansu Engineering Research Center of Land Utilization and Comprehension Consolidation,College of Geography and Env ironment Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Tourism,Lanzhou University of Art and Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Electronic and Information Engincering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃省土地利用与综合整治工程研究中心,兰州730070 [2]兰州文理学院旅游学院,兰州730000 [3]兰州交通大学电子与信息工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期205-210,218,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41771130,41271133,41661035)。

摘　　要：以西北地区典型的河谷盆地城市兰州为例,基于1995、2005和2015年3期的遥感影像数据,分析兰州市主城区的景观格局动态变化特征,并通过景观人工干扰强度模型和景观格局梯度从微观上对景观组分变化引起的生态效应进行综合评价.结果表明:1995年以来,兰州市建设用地扩张剧烈,草地、林地等生态用地退化明显,城市景观结构趋于单一;1995-2015年,以草地、林地和耕地为主的低强度和中低强度景观人工干扰区域面积稳中略有减少,以建设用地为主的高强度与中高强度区域持续蔓延;景观格局变化特征明显的梯度带与建设用地扩展显著区域大致相同.景观破碎化总体趋于缓和,但景观多样性减少、邻接程度下降,且建成区周边和两岸河滩地受人为干扰越来越明显,破碎化越来越严重.Taking Lanzhou, a typical river-valley city in the northwest China, as an example, this paper analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics of landscape evolution based on the remote sensing image data of 1995, 2005 and 2015, and then the ecological effects caused by landscape component changes were comprehensively evaluated via the human active interference index of landscape and landscape gradient. The results showed that, since 1995, the construction land in Lanzhou had expanded dramatically but ecological land such as grassland, forest land had been too much reduced, making the urban landscape structure tend to be uniform. During 1995-2015, the low intensity and medium-low intensity interference areas, mainly of grassland, forest and water, increased slightly while the high intensity and medium-high intensity areas, which were of mainly construction land, continued to spread. The landscape pattern index indicated that the gradient belts with obvious characteristics of landscape pattern changes were distributed in the significant area of construction land expansion. Landscape fragmentation tended to decrease in general, but landscape diversity was reduced and the degree of adjacency was decreased. Human active interference and landscape fragmentation around built-up areas and on both sides of the riverbanks were becoming more and more visible.

关 键 词：景观生态效应 人工干扰强度 梯度分析 河谷盆地城市 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]