纳米ZnO-Ag复合材料对小麦根腐病菌侵染下小麦幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of ZnO-Ag Nanocomposites on the Seedlings Growth of Wheat Infected by Bipolaris sorokiniana

作　　者：郭艾英 许晓越 杨晓妮 齐艳玲 蔡爱军 GUO Aiying;XU Xiaoyue;YANG Xiaoni;QI Yanling;CAI Aijun(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Hebei Normal University of Science&,Technology,Qinhuangdao,Hebei 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院农学与生物科技学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2020年第7期857-865,共9页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：河北省教育厅科学研究计划项目(QN2019027);河北省自然基金项目(C2019407065);河北科技师范学院海洋科学研究专项(HY2018011)。

摘　　要：为探讨纳米杀菌剂对小麦根腐病害的防控效果,以小麦京东8号为供试材料,通过盆栽试验,探究土壤接种麦根腐平脐孺孢(Bipolaris sorokiniana)情况下,自制纳米ZnO-Ag复合材料对B.sorokiniana的抑菌效果和小麦幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,纳米ZnO-Ag复合材料能显著抑制小麦根腐菌菌丝的生长,抑制作用随ZnO-Ag浓度的增加而增强;200μg·mL^-1ZnO-Ag对病菌菌丝的抑制率高达91.17%,有效中浓度(EC50)为34.15μg·mL^-1;在土壤接菌情况下,经大于12.5μg·g^-1ZnO-Ag复合材料处理,小麦种子的发芽势和发芽率、幼苗的根长、株高、地上部鲜重和干重、地下部鲜重和干重均显著高于对照组(未加纳米材料),小麦幼苗发病率显著低于对照组;浓度大于12.5μg·g^-1ZnO-Ag处理组的小麦幼苗根长/株高和根冠比显著低于对照组。由此可得,纳米ZnO-Ag复合材料能够有效抑制土壤中小麦根腐病菌的生长,促进小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长,降低幼苗发病率。此结果为ZnO-Ag防控小麦根腐害提供了理论依据。To investigate the effect of nano-based antifungal agents on wheat root rot,ZnO-Ag nanocomposites were synthesized.For ZnO-Ag nanocomposites,their antifungal activity against Bipolaris sorokiniana and the effect on the growth of wheat seedling were investigated using B.sorokiniana inoculated wheat(Jingdong 8)as a model plant through a pot experiment.The results showed that the growth of B.sorokiniana was significantly inhibited by ZnO-Ag nanocomposites,and the inhibitory effect of the nanocomposites was increased with the increase of concentration.The inhibition rate of 200 mg·mL^-1ZnO-Ag nanocomposite was up to 91.17%and EC50 was 34.15 mg·mL^-1.When the wheat plants were treated with B.sorokiniana in the presence of ZnO-Ag nanocomposites(>12.5μg·g^-1)in soil,the germination vigor and germination rate of wheat seeds,the wheat root length,seedling height,fresh and dry weight of above ground part,fresh and dry weight of under ground part were significantly higher than those of control group(without nanocomposites),but the incidence of wheat seedlings was significantly lower than that in control group.When the wheat seedlings were treated with the concentration of ZnO-Ag nanocomposites higher than 12.5μg·g^-1,their ratio of root length to seedling height and the root-shoot ratio were significantly decreased,compared with those of control group.In summary,ZnO-Ag nanocomposites effectively inhibited the growth of B.sorokiniana in soil,promoted the germination of wheat seeds and seedling growth,and reduced the seedling incidence.The results provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of wheat root rot by ZnO-Ag nanocomposites.

关 键 词：小麦根腐病 纳米ZnO-Ag复合材料 小麦 种子萌发 幼苗生长 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311