涡轮泵转子失稳故障分析  

Analysis and diagnosis of turbine pump rotor instability

作　　者：金路[1,2] 王俨剀 王彤[1] 廖明夫 黄红[2] JIN Lu;WANG Yankai;WANG Tong;LIAO Mingfu;HUANG Hong(School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710129,China;Science and Technology on Liquid Rocket Engine Laboratory,Xi'an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710129 [2]液体火箭发动机技术重点实验室,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《火箭推进》2020年第4期23-30,共8页Journal of Rocket Propulsion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51775436);国防科技重点实验室基金(6142704180404)。

摘　　要：轴套结构作为液体火箭发动机涡轮泵中典型结构,在其高速运转的过程中,存在着振动失稳的风险,因此需要分析轴套结构失稳的原因。建立了轴套结构内摩擦的动力学模型,推导了轴套结构内摩擦力的表达式,解释了带轴套结构的转子失稳机理,仿真得到了带轴套转子发生内摩擦失稳的振动特征,探讨了各影响因素对失稳门槛转速及失稳振动特性的影响规律,开展了实验验证,并给出了带轴套结构的转子稳定性设计建议。通过上述研究,发现转轴跨距、轴套半径、转轴刚度、偏心距和轴套与轴之间的间隙等因素是引发失稳的关键参数,需在设计与装配的过程中进行稳定性校核。获得的影响因素对失稳振动的影响规律,能够为具有类似结构的转子稳定性设计提供技术支撑。As a typical structure of liquid rocket engine turbo pump,the sleeve structure has the risk of vibration instability during its high-speed operation.Therefore,it is necessary to dissect the failure mechanism of the sleeve structure and reveal the nature of instability.In this paper,the dynamic model of the inner friction of the sleeve structure was established,and the expression of the internal friction of the sleeve structure was derived.The dynamic model of the inner friction of the rotor with the sleeve was obtained,and the cause of the instability vibration was explained.The simulation was obtained.The vibration characteristics of internal friction instability of the sleeve rotor were summarized.The influences of various influencing factors on the instability threshold and the instability vibration characteristics were summarized,and the experimental verification was carried out.Through the above research,it is found that the factors such as the shaft span,the mating surface diameter,the shaft stiffness,the eccentricity and the fit clearance are the key parameters for the instability,and the stability check is required during the design and assembly process.The influence of the influencing factors on the instability vibration can provide technical support for rotor stability design with similar structure.

关 键 词：轴套结构 稳定性 内摩擦失稳 涡轮泵 转子 

分 类 号：V434.21[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]