新型复合相变材料蓄热电暖器热性能实验研究  

Experimental research on thermal performance of electric heater using a new composite phase change material for thermal storage

作　　者：宋颖芸 杨兆晟 张群力[1] 张文婧 张世红[1] SONG Yingyun;YANG Zhaosheng;ZHANG Qunli;ZHANG Wenjing;ZHANG Shihong(Beijing Key Lab of Heating,Gas Supply,Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture1,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学供热、供燃气通风与空调北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《热力发电》2020年第8期78-83,共6页Thermal Power Generation

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0702200);北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(X18185)。

摘　　要：相变蓄热电暖器利用夜间低谷电蓄热供房间日间供暖使用,可以实现电力调峰,降低用户供暖运行费。本文以六水合氯化镁(MgCl2·6H2O)为相变材料基材,通过添加多孔材料膨胀石墨(EG)消除相分离现象,再添加成核剂氢氧化钙(Ca(OH)2)降低过冷度,研制出一种复合型相变材料。通过对不同配方的复合相变材料热物性进行优化测试发现:当MgCl2·6H2O/EG/Ca(OH)2的质量配比为91.5%/7.5%/1%时,该复合相变材料能有效消除相变材料过冷度和相分离现象并保持较高的相变潜热。利用该新型复合相变材料搭建了相变蓄热电暖器蓄放热性能实验台,对比了不同运行模式下该电暖器的蓄/放热性能。结果表明:该设备在夜间蓄热、日间放热和补热的工况下,能够将室内环境保持到舒适温度;该设备可以实现较高的蓄热效率,在本文工况中的实际蓄热效率为63.8%;与常规供热方式相比,该设备供热方式的运行费用较低,具有良好的经济效益。The phase change heat storage electric heater uses the low valley electricity at night to store heat for room heating during the day,which can realize peak regulation of electricity and reduce the heating operation cost of users.In this paper,a composite phase change material was developed by taking magnesium chloride hexahydrate(MgCl2·6H2O)as the phase change material substrate.Porous expanded graphite(EG)was added to eliminate the phase separation phenomenon,and nucleating agent calcium hydroxide(Ca(OH)2)was added to reduce the supercooling degree of the phase change material.By optimizing the thermal properties of the MgCl2·6H2O-EGCa(OH)2 composite phase change materials with different formulations,it was found that when the mass ratio of MgCl2·6H2O/EG/Ca(OH)2 was 91.5%/7.5%/1%,the composite phase change material could effectively eliminate the supercooling degree and phase separation phenomenon and maintain high latent heat of phase change.By using this composite phase change material,a phase change heat storage electric heater heat storage and heat release performance experiment table was built,and the heat storage and heat release performance of the electric heater under different operation modes were compared.The results show that,the equipment can keep the indoor environment at a comfortable temperature under the working condition of night heat storage,daytime heat release and heat supplement.The equipment can achieve higher heat storage efficiency,and the actual heat storage efficiency is 63.8%under the paper working condition.Compared with the conventional heating mode,this equipment has lower operation cost and good economic benefits.

关 键 词：复合相变材料 蓄热电暖器 放热 无机水合盐 六水合氯化镁 氢氧化钙 蓄热效率 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]