论风险社会生成中的人类中心主义  

Anthropocentrism in the Generation of Risk Society

作　　者：张康之[1] ZHANG Kangzhi(School of Public Administration,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《广州大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期29-38,共10页Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目重大基础研究计划——通过服务型政府建设去完善社会治理体系(12XNL003)资助研究。

摘　　要：进入21世纪后,风险社会也降临到了这个世界,它意味着人类已经被迫成为一个命运共同体。就风险社会的生成看,作为人类中心主义的社会表现形式的自我中心主义、个人主义助推了风险社会的生成。作为个人主义的逻辑延伸,20世纪的社会科学从原子化个人中分离出了人的欲望,认为人的欲望是社会发展的原动力,从而实现了对人的欲望的正名,并使人彻底地从农业社会的宗教、伦理、习俗等的约束中解放了出来。但是,在欲望实现的正当性得到承认的情况下,自然、社会以及人际关系等都遭受了巨大冲击,并迅速地呈现出了风险社会的特征。现在,当我们置身于风险社会之中时,需要对工业社会的人类中心主义意识形态进行反思,进而寻找和重新制定风险社会中的生活和活动的原则。其中最为重要的就是确立起人类命运共同体的意识,为了人的共生共在而开展行动。The risk society has come into being as we enter the 21st century,which implies that the human beings have been forced to become one community with a shared future.In terms of its generation,the risk society is shaped by the ideology of anthropocentrism implied in the egocentrism and individualism.In the logical extension of individualism,social sciences in the 20th century separated human desires from atomized individuals and believed that human desires were driving force of social development.As a result,human desires have been successfully justified and the human beings have been completely liberated from the religion,ethics and customs of the agricultural society.However,as the legitimacy of human desires were recognized,the nature,society as well as interpersonal relationships began to suffer severe impact,and quickly show some characteristics of a risk society.Nowadays,when we put ourselves in the midst of the risk society,it is necessary to reflect on the anthropocentrism ideology of the industrial society,and then to search and reformulate new principles of life and activities in the risk society.Among others,the most important is to establish the consciousness of a community with a shared future for mankind,and to take actions for the sake of human symbiosis and coexistence.

关 键 词：社会风险 风险社会 人类中心主义 自我中心主义 个人主义 

分 类 号：B0[哲学宗教—哲学理论] C912[经济管理]