肝移植患者术后发生压疮的围手术期相关因素分析及护理对策  

Analysis of perioperative factors and nursing countermeasures of intraoperative pressure sore after liver transplantation patients

作　　者：周平[1] 许娜[1] 崔亮[1] 董靖[1] 游兆媛[2] Zhou Ping;Xu Na;Cui Liang;Dong Jing;You Zhaoyuan(Department of Anesthesiology Operating Room,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China;Department of Nursing,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院麻醉科手术室,100020 [2]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院护理部,100020

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2020年第22期1716-1720,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的研究肝移植患者压疮发生的相关因素,了解肝移植患者术后压疮的发生规律,并提出相应的护理策略,为临床护理工作提供理论依据。方法采用一般资料调查表和Braden危险评估表对93例肝移植手术患者术后压疮情况进行调查。结果肝移植患者Braden风险评分分级与压疮呈显著正相关(t值为-3.512,P<0.01);在影响患者手术压疮的危险因素中,压疮评分低、术后低血压以及术后低血清白蛋白为压疮发生的危险因素,OR值依次为1.185(1.037~1.354)、9.443(2.273~39.237)、1.325(1.119~1.570),手术时间短为压疮的保护因素,OR值为0.729(0.542~0.981)。结论临床医护人员应针对不同情况的肝移植患者,采取综合措施进行护理,降低压疮发生率,提高患者的生命质量。Objective To study the related factors of pressure ulcer in liver transplantation patients,to understand the occurrence of postoperative pressure sores in liver transplantation patients,and to propose corresponding nursing strategies to provide theoretical basis for clinical nursing work.Methods A total of 93 patients with liver transplantation were investigated for postoperative pressure ulcers using a general data sheet and a Braden risk assessment form.Results The Braden risk score of liver transplantation patients was significantly positively correlated with pressure ulcers(t value was-3.512,P<0.01).Among the risk factors affecting patients with surgical pressure sores,low pressure ulcer score,postoperative hypotension and low serum albumin were pressure ulcers.The risk factors,OR value were 1.185(1.037-1.354),9.443(2.273-39.237),1.325(1.119-1.570),and the short operation time was the protective factor of pressure ulcer.The OR value was 0.729(0.542-0.981).Conclusions Clinical medical staff should take comprehensive measures to treat patients with liver transplantation in different situations,reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers and improve the quality of life of patients.

关 键 词：肝移植 压疮 危险因素 护理 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]