甘肃省陇南市预防接种模式变更前后效果对比分析  

Comparative analysis of the effects before and after the change of vaccination model in Longnan of Gansu

作　　者：王海军 蔡玉成 申明星 刘海军 王小军 郭红 付宏生 陈沛 徐海东 WANG Haijun;CAI Yucheng;SHEN Mingxing;LIU Haijun;WANG Xiaojun;GUO Hong;FU Hongsheng;CHEN Pei;XU Haidong(Longnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Gansu 746000,China)

机构地区：[1]陇南市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃746000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2020年第8期807-809,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家卫生计生委联合国儿童基金会提高预防接种服务水平和公众信任度项目(中疾控免疫发[2016]127号)。

摘　　要：目的通过分析各级机构国家免疫规划政策、措施的落实情况,开展乡级集中接种后对接种效果进行对比,进一步完善接种模式。方法2019年11月对全市县乡村级人员结构、服务质量、设备保障、接种率等现状,和2014年采用入户方式开展调查状况进行对比分析,疫苗接种率调查采用批质量保证抽样方法(LQAS)分析。结果通过乡级集中接种,国家免疫规划疫苗接种率达到90%以上,乙肝疫苗的及时接种率达到99.9%,预防接种人员免疫规划相关知识的知晓率为95.6%,≤35岁人员占82.6%,中专和大专学历占98.7%,工作经费各县落实50%以上,1人份疫苗损耗系数降到1,2人份降到1.2,5人份降到2.5。结论免疫规划工作是一项保障人类健康的民生工程,在政府主导投入,在卫生主管部门、疾控机构、接种部门的努力下,规范管理疫苗集中乡级接种,建立了有效的考核运行机制,使得全市免疫规划工作取得了显著效果。Objective To analyze the implementation of national immunization policies and measures in institutions at all levels,and compare the effects before and after the centralized vaccination at township level,so as to further improve the vaccination model.Methods In November 2019,a comparative analysis was carried out between the current situation of personnel structure,service quality,equipment guarantee and vaccination rate at the county and village level in the whole city and the situation of household survey in 2014.Lot quality assurance sampling method(LQAS)was used to analyze the vaccination coverage survey.Results Through the centralized vaccination at township level,the vaccination rate of the national immunization program was above 90%,the timely vaccination rate of the hepatitis B vaccine was 99.9%,and the awareness rate of immunization program-related knowledge of the vaccinators was 95.6%.82.6%of vaccinators aged 35 or younger,and 98.7%of them had technical secondary school or junior college education.More than 50%of the working funds were implemented in each county,and the vaccine loss coefficient of a person dropped to 1,that of two people dropped to 1.2,and that of five people dropped to 2.5.Conclusion Immunization program is a livelihood project to protect human health.With the government-led investment and the efforts of health authorities,disease control and prevention institutions and vaccination departments,the management of centralized vaccination at the township level has been standardized together with the establishment of an effective evaluation mechanism.Therefore,the city’s immunization planning work has achieved remarkable results.

关 键 词：接种模式 接种率 知晓率 疫苗损耗 变更 对比分析 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]