含油浮渣与高粱秆协同制备活性炭的研究  

Synergistic preparation of activated carbon by mixed of oily scum and sorghum straw

作　　者：汤超 关娇娇 邓皓 谢水祥 Tang Chao;Guan Jiaojiao;Deng Hao;Xie Shuixiang(Chongqing Water Resources and Electric Engineering College,Chongqing,China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum and Pollution Control,Beijing,China;CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆水利电力职业技术学院 [2]“石油石化污染物控制与处理”国家重点实验室 [3]中国石油安全环保技术研究院

出　　处：《石油与天然气化工》2020年第4期37-41,共5页Chemical engineering of oil & gas

基　　金：“石油石化污染物控制与处理”国家重点实验室开放基金项目“含油污泥与生物质协同催化热处理特性及产物结构特征研究”(PPC2018004);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目“含油污泥水热炭化制备高碳固体清洁燃料研究”(KJQN201803805);重庆水利电力职业技术学院人才引进基金项目“含油污泥与生物质协同热处理特性及产物特征研究”(KRC201802)。

摘　　要：以含油浮渣和高粱秆为原料协同制备活性炭,制备过程分为低温炭化制备炭前体和高温活化制备活性炭两个阶段。炭前体的制备条件为含油浮渣与高粱秆质量比3∶1,炭化温度450℃,炭化时间2 h。制备的炭前体表面具有一些孔道,其浸出液重金属含量不超标,使用过程中不会造成重金属污染。利用正交实验和单因素实验对炭前体高温活化制备活性炭的影响因素进行了深入研究,确定的最佳活化条件为以KOH为活化剂,炭前体与KOH质量比1∶4,活化温度800℃,升温速度15℃/min,活化保温时间1 h。制备的活性炭表面分布着众多孔隙,大孔深处可见若干层小孔,孔径分布以微孔和介孔为主。比表面积、孔隙体积、平均孔径和碘吸附值分别达到1648.74 m 2/g、1.84 cm 3/g、1.76 nm和957.82 mg/g,均超过了市售的木质商品活性炭。Activated carbon is synergistically prepared from oily scum and sorghum straw.The preparation process is divided into precursor preparation with low temperature carbonization and activated carbon preparation with high temperature activation.The preparation conditions of precursor are that the mass ratio of oily scum and sorghum straw is 3∶1,carbonization temperature is 450℃and carbonization time is 2 h.The surface of precursor has some pores,and the heavy metal content of the leachate do not exceed the standard,which do not cause heavy metal pollution.Intensive research is carried out on the factors affecting the preparation of activated carbon with high temperature activation of the precursor by orthogonal experiment and single factor experiment.The optimal activation conditions are determined by using KOH as the activator,the mass ratio of precursor to KOH is 1∶4,activation temperature is 800℃,heating rate is 15℃/min,and activation holding temperature time is 1 h.The surface of prepared activated carbon is distributed with many pores with different sizes,and several layers of small holes can be seen deeply in the large holes,pore size distribution is dominated by micropores and mesopores.All of specific surface area,pore volume,average pore diameter and iodine value surpass those of ligno-activated carbon,reaching 1648.74 m 2/g,1.84 cm 3/g,1.76 nm and 957.82 mg/g respectively.

关 键 词：含油浮渣 高粱秆 活化 活性炭 碘吸附值 

分 类 号：X74[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ424.1[化学工程]