肉牛常见饲料干物质和蛋白质瘤胃降解特性和小肠消化率研究  

Study on Rumen Degradation Characteristics and Intestinal Digestibility of Dry Matter and Protein in Beef Cattle Feed

作　　者：宋钰 夏志军 昝林森[1,2] SONG Yu;XIA Zhi-jun;ZAN Lin-sen(College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100;National Beef Cattle Improvement Center, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]国家肉牛改良中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国牛业科学》2020年第4期11-15,共5页China Cattle Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501700);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37);陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2018-YL09)。

摘　　要：[方法]选用装有瘤胃瘘管和小肠瘘管的肉牛作为试验动物,尼龙袋法测定肉牛常见饲料干物质(DM)和粗蛋白(CP)的瘤胃降解特性和小肠消化率。[结果]结果表明,DM瘤胃有效降解率由高到低为玉米粉、麦麸、苜蓿干草、豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米青贮、醋糟、白酒糟;CP瘤胃有效降解率由高到低为苜蓿干草、麦麸、豆粕、醋糟、玉米粉、玉米青贮、菜籽粕、白酒糟;DM小肠消化率由高到低为豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米粉、白酒糟、醋糟、麦麸、苜蓿干草、玉米青贮;CP小肠消化率由高到低为豆粕、菜籽粕、玉米粉、苜蓿干草、麦麸、白酒糟、玉米青贮、醋糟。[结论]试验表明,不同饲料瘤胃降解特性不同,为小肠提供过瘤胃可消化蛋白的能力不同,且饲料的DM小肠消化率小于CP小肠消化率。[Method]Beef cattle equipped with rumen fistula and small intestine fistula were selected as test animals.The nylon bag method was used to determine the rumen degradation characteristics and small intestine digestibility of common feed dry matter(DM)and crude protein(CP)of beef cattle.[Result]The results showed that the effective degradation rate of DM rumen from high to low were:Corn flour,wheat bran,alfalfa hay,soybean meal,rapeseed meal,corn silage,vinegar grains,liquor grain;CP effective rumen degradation rate from high to low were:Alfalfa hay,wheat bran,soybean meal,vinegar grains,corn flour,corn silage,rapeseed meal,white wine grains;DM small intestine digestibility from high to low:Soybean meal,rapeseed meal,corn flour,white wine grains,vinegar grains,wheat bran,alfalfa hay,corn silage;CP small intestine digestibility from high to low:Soybean meal,rapeseed meal,corn flour,alfalfa hay,wheat bran,liquor grain,corn silage,vinegar grain.[Conclusion]Tests showed that different feeds with the different rumen-degrading characteristics had the different ability to provide rumen-digestible protein for the small intestine,and the DM small intestine digestibility of the feed was less than the CP small intestine digestibility.

关 键 词：秦川肉牛 瘤胃降解特性 小肠消化率 

分 类 号：S832[农业科学—畜牧学]