增温和牦牛排泄物输入对沼泽土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of warming and yak excreta addition on enzyme activity of marsh soil

作　　者：付倩 郑荣波 方昕 郭雪莲 FU Qian;ZHENG Rongbo;FANG Xin;GUO Xuelian(College of Wetlands,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;National Plateau Wetlands Research Center,Kunming 650224,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学湿地学院,昆明650224 [2]国家高原湿地研究中心,昆明650224 [3]西南林业大学化学工程学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《生态学报》2020年第14期5055-5062,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41563008);云南省高原湿地科学创新团队(2012HC007)。

摘　　要：选取滇西北高原纳帕海沼泽土壤为研究对象,采用室内模拟实验,研究增温(13℃、19℃、25℃)和牦牛排泄物(粪便、尿液)输入对沼泽土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响。结果表明:(1)增温会显著降低土壤pH(P<0.05),19℃时显著降低无机氮含量(P<0.05),对其他土壤理化性质无显著影响(P>0.05);增温对不同排泄物处理下的土壤酶活性影响存在差异。(2)排泄物输入显著影响沼泽土壤理化性质。牦牛粪便输入显著提高土壤含水率、pH、总有机碳(Total organic carbon,TOC)和有效磷含量(P<0.05),显著降低土壤硝态氮含量(P<0.05);牦牛尿液显著提高土壤含水率和土壤无机态氮含量(P<0.05)。牦牛粪便输入显著提高蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05);牦牛尿液显著提高脲酶活性(P<0.05)。(3)增温和排泄物输入交互作用对TOC(P<0.05)、pH和无机态氮(P<0.01)影响显著,对蔗糖酶(P<0.05)、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.01)均影响显著。本研究阐明了增温、牦牛排泄物输入及二者交互作用对沼泽土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响,为气候变暖背景下湿地放牧干扰研究提供理论基础。In this study,the effects of warming(13℃,19℃and 25℃)and yak excreta(feces,urine)addition on soil properties and enzyme activity of marsh soil were studied by laboratory incubation experiment.The results showed that:(1)Warming induced an overall reduction in pH of marsh soil(P<0.05).The inorganic nitrogen content of marsh soil was decreased at 19℃(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among temperature treatments of other soil properties(P>0.05).The effects of warming on soil enzyme activity with different excreta treatments were various significantly.(2)The effects of excreta addition on the physicochemical properties of marsh soil were different significantly(P<0.05).Yak feces addition significantly increased water content,pH,TOC and available phosphorus content(P<0.05),but decreased nitrate nitrogen content of marsh soil(P<0.05).Yak urine significantly increased water content and inorganic nitrogen content of marsh soil(P<0.05).Yak feces addition significantly promoted the activities of sucrase,urease and catalase(P<0.05).In contrast,Yak urine significantly promoted urease activity(P<0.05),but had no significant effect on other enzyme activities(P>0.05).(3)The interaction of warming and excreta addition had significant effects on TOC(P<0.05),pH,inorganic nitrogen content(P<0.01),sucrase(P<0.05),urease,acid phosphatase and catalase(P<0.01)activities.This study illuminated the effects of warming,yak excreta addition and interaction on the physicochemical characteristic and enzyme activity of marsh soil,which provided theoretical basis for study of the effect of grazing disturbance on wetland ecosystem with the climate warming.

关 键 词：增温 牦牛排泄物 土壤酶活性 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S154.2[农业科学—土壤学]