饲粮组成及抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响  

Effects of Diet Composition and Antibiotics on Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：夏邹 冯江鑫 蒋俊劼 陈代文[1] 余冰[1] 何军[1] 虞洁[1] 毛湘冰[1] 罗玉衡[1] 黄志清[1] 罗钧秋[1] 阎辉 郑萍[1] XIA Zou;FENG Jiangxin;JIANG Junjie;CHEN Daiwen;YU Bing;HE Jun;YU Jie;MAO Xiangbing;LUO Yuheng;HUANG Zhiqing;LUO Junqiu;YAN Hui;ZHENG Ping(Key Lab for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education,Institute of Animal Nutrition,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya’an 625014,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,教育部动物抗病营养重点实验室,雅安625014

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第8期3594-3604,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0501204);四川省重点研发项目(2018NZ0094);国家生猪产业体系(CARS-35)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮组成及抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响。试验采用2×2双因子试验设计,选择体况相似、胎次接近的24日龄断奶的"杜×长×大"仔猪72头,根据体重相近原则,随机分为4个处理,分别饲喂无抗复杂饲粮、无抗简单饲粮、有抗复杂饲粮和有抗简单饲粮,每个处理6个重复,每个重复3头仔猪。抗生素添加75 mg/kg金霉素和50 mg/kg吉他霉素(按有效成分计)。试验期共21 d。结果表明:1)与简单饲粮相比,复杂饲粮显著降低了试验第1~7天、第1~21天的仔猪料重比(F/G)和腹泻率(P<0.05),显著提高了试验第1~7天仔猪的平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05),显著提高了仔猪回肠的绒隐比、空肠的杯状细胞数量(P<0.05),显著上调了空肠闭合蛋白(OCLN)mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),显著提高了空肠白细胞介素-10(IL-10)和转化生子因子-β1(TGF-β1)含量(P<0.05),显著降低了回肠白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量(P<0.05)。2)与无抗饲粮相比,有抗饲粮显著提高了试验第1~7天和第1~21天仔猪的ADG及试验第1~21天仔猪的平均日采食量(ADFI)和第22天的末重(P<0.05),显著降低了试验第1~7天、试验第1~21天仔猪的F/G和腹泻率(P<0.05),显著提高了仔猪回肠的绒隐比(P<0.05),显著提高了空肠和回肠的杯状细胞数量(P<0.05),显著降低了仔猪空肠和回肠Toll样受体2(TLR2) mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。综上所述,复杂饲粮可以提高断奶仔猪生长性能,降低腹泻率,增强肠道免疫屏障功能;抗生素能够有效抑制腹泻,但对仔猪肠道屏障功能有不利影响。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of diet composition and antibiotics on growth performance and intestinal health in weaned piglets.A total of 72 piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)were selected and assigned to the 4 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment and 3 weaned piglets per replicate.The trial was designed with 2×2 factors,including two diets“simple diets and complex diets”with or without antibiotics(75 mg/kg chlortetracycline and 50 mg/kg kitasamycin).The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with simple diets,complex diets significantly decreased the feed/gain(F/G)and diarrhea rate of piglets from days 1 to 7 and 1 to 21(P<0.05),significantly increased the average daily gain(ADG)of piglets from days 1 to 7(P<0.05),significantly increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in ileum and the number of goblet cells in jejunum(P<0.05),upregulated the relative expression of occludin(OCLN)mRNA in jejunum(P<0.05),significantly increased the contents of interleukin-10(IL-10)(P<0.05)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)in jejunum,and significantly decreased the contents of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)in ileum(P<0.05).2)Compared with no antibiotic diet,antibiotic diet significantly increased the ADG of piglets from days 1 to 7 and days 1 to 21(P<0.05),the average daily feed intake(ADFI)from days 1 to 21 and final body weight on day 22(P<0.05),significantly decreased the F/G and the diarrhea rate of piglets from days 1 to 7 and days 1 to 21(P<0.05),significantly increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in ileum(P<0.05),significantly increased the number of goblet cells in jejunum and ileum(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the relative expressions of TLR2 mRNA in jejunum and ileum(P<0.05).In conclusion,complex diets can increase the growth performance of weaned piglets,decrease the diarrhea rate,and enhance the intestinal immune barrier function;while antibiotics can inhibit diarrhea,but has an adverse effect on intestinal barrier functio

关 键 词：饲粮组成 抗生素 断奶仔猪 生长性能 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]