柠檬酸对伊拉肉兔盲肠微生物多样性及代谢产物的影响  

Effects of Citric Acid on Caecal Microbial Diversity and Metabolites of Ira Rabbits

作　　者：郑建婷 冯国亮[1] 曹亮[1] 詹海杰 李燕平 牛晓艳 唐耀平 任克良[1] ZHENG Jianting;FENG Guoliang;CAO Liang;ZHAN Haijie;LI Yanping;NIU Xiaoyan;TANG Yaoping;REN Keliang(Shanxi Agricultural University(Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science),College of Animal Science,Taiyuan 030032,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学(山西省农业科学院)动物科学学院,太原030032

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2020年第8期3808-3818,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家兔产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-43-B-3);山西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所科研项目(xms201902)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加柠檬酸对伊拉肉兔盲肠微生物多样性及代谢产物的影响。选取35日龄体重相近的健康断奶伊拉肉兔100只,随机分为5组,每组20个重复,每个重复1只兔。空白对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素对照组饲喂添加抗生素的基础饲粮,3个试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.5%(试验Ⅰ组)、1.0%(试验Ⅱ组)、1.5%(试验Ⅲ组)柠檬酸的试验饲粮。预试期5 d,正试期22 d。饲养试验结束后,采用Illumina HiSeq高通量测序技术对试验兔盲肠微生物的16S rDNA基因的V4区进行生物信息学分析。结果表明:1)试验Ⅲ组盲肠微生物Chao指数、Shannon指数和Simpson指数均极显著高于2个对照组及其他试验组(P<0.01)。2)在门水平上,各组试验兔盲肠微生物均主要由厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和变形菌门组成,且饲粮中添加柠檬酸对各主要优势菌门的相对丰度均有极显著影响(P<0.01);在属水平上,各组最大的优势菌属均为瘤胃球菌科NK4A214群,除青枯菌属、伯克氏菌科未分类菌属和罕见小球菌属外,饲粮中添加柠檬酸对各优势菌属的相对丰度均有显著或极显著影响(P<0.05或P<0.01)。3)与空白对照组和抗生素对照组相比,饲粮中添加柠檬酸对试验兔盲肠内容物pH及微生物代谢产物各挥发性脂肪酸的浓度均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。由此得出,饲粮中添加柠檬酸可提高伊拉肉兔盲肠微生物多样性,通过改变盲肠微生物组成比例来改变盲肠微生物的动态平衡。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of citric acid on caecal microbial diversity and metabolites of Ira rabbits.One hundred healthy weanling Ira rabbits at the age of 35 days were randomly divided into 5 groups with 20 replicates in each group and 1 rabbit in each replicate.Rabbits in the blank control group were fed a basal diet,rabbits in the antibiotics control group were fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotics,and rabbits in the 3 test groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5%(test groupⅠ),1.0%(test groupⅡ)and 1.5%(test groupⅢ)citric acid,respectively.There was a pretrial period of 5 days followed by an experimental period of 22 days.After the feeding experiment,the biological information of 16S rDNA V4 region of caecal microflora in experimental rabbits were evaluated using Illumina HiSeq sequencing technology.The results showed as follows:1)the Chao index,Shannon index and Simpson index of test groupⅢwere extremely significantly higher than those of two control groups and other test groups(P<0.01).2)At the phylum level,the caecal microflora of each group was mainly consisted of Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria,and diet supplemented with citric acid had extremely significant effects on the relative abundances of main dominant phylum(P<0.01);at the genus level,Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group was dominant bacterium in each group,beside Ralstonia,unssigned Burkholderiaceae and Subdoligranulum,diet supplemented with citric acid had significantly or extremely significantly effects on the relative abundances of other dominant genus(P<0.05 or P<0.01).3)Compared with blank control group and antibiotics control group,diet supplemented with citric acid had no significant effects on pH and microbial metabolites such as volatile fatty acid concentrations in cecum contents(P>0.05).In conclusion,diet supplemented with citric acid can increase the caecal microbial diversity of Ira rabbits,and it can change the caecal microbial balance through changing the proportions of

关 键 词：伊拉肉兔 柠檬酸 盲肠微生物 挥发性脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]