钻孔瞬变电磁探测在水力压裂效果检测中的应用  

Application of borehole transient electromagnetic detection in the test of hydraulic fracturing effect

作　　者：赵睿 范涛 李宇腾 王继矿 马媛 王冰纯 刘磊 房哲 ZHAO Rui;FAN Tao;LI Yuteng;WANG Jikuang;MA Yuan;WANG Bingchun;LIU Lei;FANG Zhe(Xi’an Research Institute Co.Ltd.,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp.,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2020年第4期41-45,共5页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019GY-150);天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2018-TD-MS068)。

摘　　要：水力压裂技术广泛应用在矿井冲击地压防治、围岩卸压等各方面,但对于压裂效果的评价检测一直缺乏高效、直观的技术手段。为解决这一问题,采用动源动接收的钻孔瞬变电磁三分量探测方法,开发了一套适用于压裂孔内施工的探测装备以及配套施工工艺。在煤矿井下开展了2次工程试验,通过对比压裂前后2次探测数据垂直分量的处理结果,提取出纯异常场,确定主要裂缝分布范围,并根据2组水平分量的计算结果实现了异常体中心方位角定位,完成压裂裂缝的立体空间三维成像展示。研究表明:钻孔瞬变电磁三分量探测技术能够与煤矿井下压裂施工相结合,通过压裂前后探测结果对比获得压裂液的分布位置,进而分析压裂裂缝发育情况,实现压裂效果检测评价的目的。Hydraulic fracturing technology is widely used in various aspects such as mine rock burst prevention and surrounding rock depressurization,but there has been a lack of efficient and intuitive technology for evaluating the fracturing effectiveness.To solve this problem,a three-component borehole TEM detection method using dynamic source and reception unit was proposed,and detection equipment and supporting construction techniques suitable for construction in hydraulic fracturing holes were developed.Two engineering tests have been carried out in a coal mine.By comparing the processing results of the vertical components of the two detection data before and after fracturing,a pure anomaly field was extracted,and the distribution range of the main cracks was determined.The azimuth center of the body was positioned to complete the spatial three-dimensional imaging display of the fractures.The research shows that the borehole transient electromagnetic three-component detection technology can be combined with underground mine fracturing construction.The distribution of fracturing fluid can be obtained by comparing the detection results before and after fracturing,and then the development of fracturing fractures is analyzed to achieve the purpose of fracturing effect detection and evaluation.

关 键 词：钻孔瞬变电磁法 水力压裂 三分量 压裂效果检测 

分 类 号：P631.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]