Development and postnatal neurogenesis in the retina: a comparison between altricial and precocial bird species  

作　　者：Guadalupe Álvarez-Hernán José Antonio de Mera-Rodríguez Yolanda Gañán Jorge Solana-Fajardo Gervasio Martín-Partido Joaquín Rodríguez-León Javier Francisco-Morcillo 

机构地区：[1]Área de Biología Celular,Departamento de Anatomía,Biología Celular y Zoología,Facultad de Ciencias,Universidad de Extremadura,Badajoz,Spain [2]Área de Anatomía Humana,Departamento de Anatomía,Biología Celular y Zoología,Facultad de Medicina,Universidad de Extremadura,Badajoz,Spain [3]Servicio de Oftalmología,Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Badajoz,Badajoz,Spain

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2021年第1期16-20,共5页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：This work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología(BFU2007-67540);Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad(CGL2015-64650P);Dirección General de Investigación del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia(BFU2017-85547-P);Junta de Extremadura,Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional,“Una manera de hacer Europa”(GR15158,GR18114,IB18113).

摘　　要：The visual system is affected by neurodegenerative diseases caused by the degeneration of specific retinal neurons,the leading cause of irreversible blindness in humans.Throughout vertebrate phylogeny,the retina has two kinds of specialized niches of constitutive neurogenesis:the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone and Müller glia.The proliferative activity in the retinal progenitors located in the circumferential marginal zone in precocial birds such as the chicken,the commonest bird model used in developmental and regenerative studies,is very low.This region adds only a few retinal cells to the peripheral edge of the retina during several months after hatching,but does not seem to be involved in retinal regeneration.Müller cells in the chicken retina are not proliferative under physiological conditions,but after acute damage some of them undergo a reprogramming event,dedifferentiating into retinal stem cells and generating new retinal neurons.Therefore,regenerative response after injury occurs with low efficiency in the precocial avian retina.In contrast,it has recently been shown that neurogenesis is intense in the retina of altricial birds at hatching.In particular,abundant proliferative activity is detected both in the circumferential marginal zone and in the outer half of the inner nuclear layer.Therefore,stem cell niches are very active in the retina of altricial birds.Although more extensive research is needed to assess the potential of proliferating cells in the adult retina of altricial birds,it emerges as an attractive model for studying different aspects of neurogenesis and neural regeneration in vertebrates.

关 键 词：altricial BIRDS circumferential marginal zone Müller glia postnatal neurogenesis precocial regeneration RETINOGENESIS 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]