氮、磷添加下AMF对羊草和苜蓿生长与光合生理特性的影响  

Effects of AMF on growth and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of Leymus chinensis and Medicago sativa with and without nitrogen and phosphorus application

作　　者：单立文 张强[2] 朱瑞芬[2] 孔晓蕾[2] 陈积山[2] SHAN Li-wen;ZHANG Qiang;ZHU Rui-feng;KONG Xiao-lei;CHEN Ji-shan(College of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Normal University,Haerbin 150000, China;Institute of Grass Industry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haerbin 150086, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《草业学报》2020年第8期46-57,共12页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金(C2018058)资助。

摘　　要：丛枝菌根共生对植物养分利用效率起重要作用,豆科和禾本科牧草混播可以有效提高草地产量,而适量外源氮、磷的添加同样可以促进牧草的生长。为了更好地改善对草地的利用效率,将混播、AMF以及氮、磷添加有效结合将会是其中的一条途径。因此,通过以丛枝菌根真菌的有无(+/-AMF)为主处理,不同氮、磷添加量(N0,N1,N2)为副处理,研究豆禾共存群落植株的生长及其光合作用的响应,结果表明:1)AMF对羊草和苜蓿净光合速率均有改善,而且对羊草净光合速率影响显著。2)光响应曲线分析表明,羊草和苜蓿净光合速率均随光强的增加而升高,且羊草净光合速率在+AMF条件下均高于-AMF。3)AMF显著提高了羊草和苜蓿叶绿素含量,不同氮、磷添加量条件下,+AMF处理的羊草和苜蓿的叶绿素含量均高于-AMF处理。4)氮、磷添加量和AMF处理显著影响羊草和苜蓿生物量,豆禾混播草地共存群落的处理以+AMF+N2处理为宜。Symbiosis between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and forage plants plays an important role in the utilization efficiency of plant nutrients in grassland.Mixed sowing of legumes and grasses can effectively increase grassland yield through biological N fixation,and the addition of appropriate amounts of external nitrogen and phosphorus can also further promote herbage growth.In order to better manage the utilization efficiency of grassland in the future,the optimal combination of plant species,AMF and nitrogen and phosphorus will need to be known.Therefore,an experiment was conducted with the presence or absence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(+/-AMF)as the main treatment,and different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer additions(N0,no added N or P;N1,2.0 g N and 0.2 g P·m-2;N2,20.0 g N and 2.0 g P·m-2)as secondary treatments,to study the plant growth and photosynthesis response of coexisting alfalfa communities.It was found that:1)AMF significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate of Leymus chinensis and Medicago sativa.2)The light response curve indicated that the net photosynthetic rate of L.chinensis and M.sativa increased with increase in light intensity,and the net photosynthetic rate of+AMF L.chinensis was higher than-AMF L.chinensis.3)AMF significantly increased the chlorophyll content of L.chinensis and M.sativa.Under different nitrogen and phosphorus application rates,the chlorophyll content of+AMF L.chinensis and M.sativa+AMF was higher than that of the-AMF treatments.4)The application rate of nitrogen and phosphorus and the AMF treatment significantly affected the biomass of L.chinensis and M.sativa.In this research,treatment that optimized herbage production of coexisting communities of alfalfa-grass mixed grassland was+AMF+N2.

关 键 词：光合特性 净光合速率 叶绿素 总鲜重 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]