不同氮素配比对烤烟生长发育和养分累积及上部烟叶化学成分的影响  

Effects of different fertilization treatment on the growth and nutrient accumulation and chemical components of flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：高加明 张继光[2] 任晓红 丁才夫 李方明 申国明[2] 高林[2] 刘跃东 王大彬 GAO Jia-ming;ZHANG Ji-guang;REN Xiao-hong;DING Cai-fu;LI Fang-ming;SHEN Guo-ming;GAO Lin;LIU Yue-dong;WANG Da-bin(Hubei Provincial Tobacco Company of China National Tobacco Corporation,Wuhan 430000,China;Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,Shandong,China;Enshi Branch of Hubei Tobacco Company,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司湖北省公司,武汉430000 [2]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,青岛266101 [3]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第12期94-99,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省烟草公司科技项目(027Y2017-001)。

摘　　要：以云烟87为材料,采用田间小区试验,系统研究了不同铵态氮/硝态氮配比(3∶7、5∶5和7∶3)施用对恩施市烟区烟株生长发育(农艺性状、生物量)、养分积累(氮磷钾含量)及烟叶化学成分的影响。结果表明,在烤烟生育期内各处理烟株农艺性状和生物量差异不明显;在平顶期和成熟期,各处理烟株不同部位氮磷钾含量和累积量变化基本一致;随着铵态氮比例增加,其上部烟叶中总糖、还原糖含量降低,而总氮和烟碱含量上升,钾和氯含量变化不明显。不同铵硝配比施用,对烟株生长发育和养分积累影响不明显,对上部烟叶化学成分有一定影响,其中铵态氮/硝态氮配比为3∶7时化学成分协调性最好。Using the Yunyan 87 as experimental materials,a field experiment was conducted by setting three experiment groups of different NH4^+/NO3^- ratio(3∶7,5∶5 and 7∶3)to systematically study the effects of different NH4^+/NO3^- ratio on the growth(agronomic trait,biomass),nutrient accumulation(the content and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium)and chemical components of tobacco in Enshi city.The results showed that there were no significant difference for agronomic trait and biomass among these three groups during the early,middle and late period of tobacco.Likewise,at topping and mature period,there were no obvious difference for the content and accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium among these groups.With the increase of the ratio of NH4^+/NO3^-,the content of total sugar and reducing sugar in the upper leaves decreased,while the content of total nitrogen and nicotine increased,while the content of potassium and chlorine did not change significantly.The application of different ratio of NH4^+/NO3^- had no obvious effect on the growth and nutrient accumulation of tobacco plants,but had some effects on the chemical composition of upper tobacco leaves,among which the coordination of chemical composition was the best when the ratio of NH4^+/NO3^- was 3∶7.

关 键 词：烤烟 氮素形态 生长发育 养分累积 化学成分 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]