海南典型农林废弃物生物炭特性分析  

Characteristics of Biochar Prepared from Hainan Typical Feedstocks in Different Temperatures

作　　者：邹刚华 戴敏洁 赵凤亮[1] 单颖[1] ZOU Ganghua;DAI Minjie;ZHAO Fengliang;SHAN Ying(Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture/Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101)

机构地区：[1]海南省热带生态循环农业重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2020年第7期1498-1504,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFD0202101);中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所基本科研业务费专项资金(No.1630042019042,No.1630042017004);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(No.201503106)。

摘　　要：原料和裂解温度是影响生物炭属性的重要因子。选取海南椰壳、香蕉假茎、橡胶树枝等9种典型原料,分析其在3个温度下(300、500、700℃)真空裂解制备的生物炭属性及其内在关联,结果显示:(1)生物炭pH、碳氢比、比表面积和磷含量随温度升高而增加,而产率、氢和硫含量随温度升高而逐渐降低;碳氮含量、电导率以及钾、钙、镁、阳离子交换量等因原料不同随温度升高变化不一致;重金属含量都不超标。(2)生物炭中碳含量、碳氮比以及磷、钾、钙、镁含量与原料属性呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。原料中钾含量是影响生物炭pH、电导率和阳离子交换量的重要因素。(3)综合考虑产率、含碳量、比表面积、阳离子交换量以及矿质元素等性质,蘑菇渣、椰子壳和香蕉茎生物炭表现最好,本研究可为我国热带地区筛选适宜生物炭原料提供参考。Material and pyrolysis temperature have important effects on the properties of biochar.Nine typical feedstocks(e.g.,coconut shell,banana stem,rubber branch and so on)in Hainan were selected to analyze the properties of the biochar prepared at different temperatures(300,500 and 700℃),as well as the internal correlation.pH,C/H ratio,specific surface area(SSA),and P of the biochar increased as the pyrolysis temperature increased,whereas the yield,hydrogen and sulfur content decreased.Carbon or nitrogen content,electrical conductivity(EC),K,Ca and Mg content,and cation exchange capacity(CEC)of biochar presented different change with the increase of temperature due to varied raw materials.The content of heavy metals in the biochar was not beyond the concentration limited in standards.Carbon content,C/N ratio and P,K,Ca and Mg content in the biochar were all positively correlated with that in raw material(P<0.05).Potassium content in feedstocks had significant effects on pH,EC and CEC of biochar.Considering the properties of yield,carbon content,SSA,CEC and mineral elements,the biochars from mushroom residue,coconut shell and banana pseudostem were better.This conclusion would be helpful for feedstock selection for the biochar production in tropical areas.

关 键 词：原材料 温度 热带地区 生物炭 属性 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]