热处理木材的材性预测与质量控制研究现状与发展  

Research review of material prediction and quality control of heat-treated wood

作　　者：邢东 胡建鹏 姚利宏[1] XING Dong;HU Jianpeng;YAO Lihong(College of Material Science and Art Design,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2020年第4期793-800,共8页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31700484);内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目(NDYB2017-4)。

摘　　要：木材热处理技术作为一种绿色、环境友好的木材物理改性方法,不仅能够提高木材尺寸稳定性和生物耐久性,同时能有效改善木材材色,因此被广泛应用于人工林速生材的功能性改良。讨论了基于热处理技术研究的部分代表性成果,总结了当前木材热处理的主要工艺,并对未来研究提出了展望。目前木材热处理的研究主要集中于:①高温热处理对木材尺寸稳定性、材色和结晶性等性能的影响机理;②高温环境对木材主要化学组分的含量及抽提物挥发和裂解过程的影响;③木质素中酚羟基和表面自由基数量变化和反应活性研究;④热处理对木材渗透性、漆膜附着力和耐久性等的影响。在此基础上,进一步分析了热处理前后木材特征性能(质量或表面色度指数)变化与热处理强度的相关关系。其中质量损失率、处理材色差及氧碳元素比等木材本身特征参数是预测处理材材性的重要参数。未来木材热处理研究应集中于细胞水平的微观力学性能变化与宏观力学性能的影响,降低木材热处理工艺能耗水平的催化剂开发。结合热处理木材主元素含量或比例、表面材色等特性快速高精度预测其生物耐久性、环境学特性和力学特性等。另一方面,根据使用环境和要求,利用预测模型确定热处理的主要工艺参数,为后续研究提供借鉴和参考。参48。As an environmental-friendly wood physical modification method,wood heat treatment can not only improve the dimensional stability and biological durability but also effectively improve wood color,and is widely used in the functional improvement of fast-growing wood.Some representative research achievements on heat treatment technology are discussed.The traditional processes of wood heat treatment are summarized,and the future research is prospected.The present research on wood heat treatment mainly focuses on the following aspects:(1)the influence mechanism of high temperature heat treatment on such properties as wood dimensional stability,color and crystallization;(2)effects of high temperature environment on the content of the main chemical components,the volatile evaporations and degradation process of wood extraction;(3)changes and reactivity of phenolic hydroxyl and surface free radicals in lignin;(4)effects of heat treatment on wood permeability,paint film adhesion and durability.On this basis,the correlation between changes of wood characteristics(mass or surface chromaticity index)before and after heat treatment and heat treatment intensity is further analyzed.The characteristic parameters of wood such as mass loss rate,color difference of treated wood and the ratio of oxygen to carbon elements are important parameters to predict the properties of heattreated wood.The future research on wood heat treatment should focus on the relation of micromechanical properties at the cell level and the macro-mechanical properties,and the development of catalysts to reduce the energy consumption of wood heat treatment.The biological durability,environmental and mechanical properties of heat-treated wood can be predicted rapidly and accurately based on the content or proportion of the main elements,surface color and other characteristics.On the other hand,the main parameters of heat treatment process are determined by using the prediction model according to the application environment and requirements,which can provide

关 键 词：木材学 木材热处理 尺寸稳定性 明度 性能预测 综述 

分 类 号：S781.4[农业科学—木材科学与技术]