基于生态系统服务功能评价的贵阳市生态安全格局维护研究  

Research on ecological security maintenance of Guiyang City based on evaluation of ecosystem service function

作　　者：肖杨 周旭[1] 蒋啸 张继[1] 李洪广 XIAO Yang;ZHOU Xu;JIANG Xiao;ZHANG Ji;LI Hongguang(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第4期244-251,共8页Ecological Science

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2855);贵州省科学技术项目(黔科合基础[2017]1195)。

摘　　要：生态系统结构与服务功能的协同调控是生态系统管理的基础。以贵阳市为例,依据区域生态基底特征,通过生态系统服务功能重要性评价识别生态源地,基于最小累积阻力模型和重力模型构建区域生态安全格局,并从生态系统结构与功能的关系视角探讨生态安全格局的维护策略。结果表明:研究区重要、极重要等级的生态用地面积为2580.77 km^2,占全市总面积的32.09%;提取面积大于10.00 km^2的重要、极重要的20个生态用地为生态源地,总面积为1078.02 km^2,占全市总面积的13.40%,主要分布在研究区北部、东部及西南红枫湖、百花湖等区域;生态廊道总长度为1658.14 km,呈北密南疏的空间分布格局,部分廊道沿河流走向分布,少部分穿过人口集聚区;识别生态节点共16个,主要分布在北部最小阻力路径与生态廊道的交叉处,生态安全格局以“两环三轴四带”的形式呈树状辐射分布。从生态系统结构视角,建立生态源地、廊道、节点缓冲区,保证研究区生态系统结构的基础作用。从生态系统功能视角,划定现状生态功能主导区,提出生态安全维护策略,以期为区域生态经济协同发展提供参考依据。The coordinated regulation of ecosystem structure and service function is the foundation of ecosystem management.Taking Guiyang City as an example,Based on the ecological background characteristics of the regional,the ecological source is identified through the evaluation of the importance of ecosystem service functions,and the regional ecological security pattern is constructed based on the minimum cumulative resistance model and the gravity model.Maintenance strategy of ecological security pattern.And to explore the ecological security pattern of relationship maintenance strategies from the perspective of ecosystem structure and function.Results showed that:The area of important and extremely important ecological land was 2580.77 km^2 and accounted for 32.09%of the total area.When important and extremely important ecological land above 10 km^2 was selected as a source,the total area was 1078.02 km^2 and accounted for 13.40%of the total area,were mainly distributed in the north,east and southwest of Hongfeng Lake and Baihua Lake;The total length of the ecological corridor was 1658.14 km,showing a spatial distribution pattern in the north and south.Some of the corridors are distributed along the river,and some of them pass through the population concentration area;identify 16 ecological nodes,mainly distributed at the intersection of the least resistance path and the ecological corridor in the north,Which appeared as two rings,three axes and four zones.From the perspective of ecosystem structure,establish ecological source areas,corridors,and node buffer zones to ensure the basic role of the ecosystem structure in the study area.From the perspective of ecosystem functions,the status quo of ecological function-dominated areas is delineated,and ecological security maintenance strategies are proposed to provide a reference for the coordinated development of regional ecological economy.

关 键 词：生态系统服务功能 生态安全格局 生态源地 生态廊道 InVEST模型 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P901[天文地球—自然地理学]