治理巢湖蓝藻爆发现状及思路  

Status and thoughts of controlling cyanobacterial blooms in Chaohu Lake

作　　者：常露 朱云 朱喜 CHANG Lu;ZHU Yun;ZHU Xi(Wuxi Water Resources Administrative Office,Wuxi 214031,China;Wuxi Urban Flood Control Protect Management Office,Wuxi 214031,China;Wuxi Water Conservancy Bureau,Wuxi 214031,China).)

机构地区：[1]无锡市水资源管理处,江苏无锡214031 [2]无锡市城市防洪工程管理处,江苏无锡214031 [3]无锡市水利局,江苏无锡214031

出　　处：《环境生态学》2020年第8期89-95,共7页Environmental Ecology

摘　　要：通过考察、收集资料,综合分析治理巢湖消除蓝藻爆发成效、问题及原因,提出深入治理巢湖的目标和相应的技术集成措施。治理成效:巢湖水质得到提升,由劣Ⅴ类提升为Ⅳ~Ⅴ类水质标准。存在问题:控制外源内源力度不够,巢湖水质距目标要求有相当距离,蓝藻仍年年爆发。建立2025—2035年分水域消除巢湖蓝藻爆发目标。创新治理巢湖蓝藻爆发的技术集成思路:进一步治理富营养化,加强控制各类外源力度,重点减少污水厂和生活污水的污染负荷,同时减少内源污染负荷,削减富营养程度至一定水平,减慢蓝藻生长繁殖速度;除藻,在分水域基础上,用综合除藻技术深度消除水面水体和水底蓝藻;大规模恢复沿岸水域湿地和西部原来湿地,使巢湖植被覆盖率由5%恢复至原来的20%~30%。According to spot investigation and data collection,this article comprehensively analyzed the achievement,problems and causes of eliminating cyanobacterial blooms in Chaohu Lake,and proposed a treatment objective and corresponding technical integration measures for further control of Chaohu Lake.Treatment achievement was that the water quality of Chaohu Lake had been improved from worth than gradeⅤto gradeⅣ~Ⅴ.The existing problem was that,because of a lack of controlling external and internal pollution sources,the water quality of Chaohu Lake was quite far from the target requirements,and cyanobacterial blooms still erupt every year.Therefore,this article established a treatment objective to eliminate cyanobacterial blooms by water area division of Chaohu Lake in 2025—2035.The innovation thought of technological integration for the control of the outbreak of cyanobacteria in Chaohu Lake was to further control water eutrophication,strengthen the control of all kinds of external pollution sources,focus on reducing the pollution load of sewage plants and domestic sewage,and at the same time,to reduce the internal pollution load,reduce water eutrophication level,and slow down the growth and propagation of cyanobacteria.Based on water area division,comprehensive algae removal technology was used to eliminate cyanobacteria both on the water surface andi underwater.Thus large-scale coastal water wetland and western original wetland could be restored,so that Chaohu Lake vegetation coverage could increase from 5%to 20%~30%.

关 键 词：巢湖 蓝藻爆发 现状 治理目标 思路对策 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.4