大气有害颗粒物室内自然沉降实验研究  

Experimental Study on Natural Deposition of Harmful Atmospheric Particles

作　　者：覃宗胜[1] 孟忠伟 沈旭东 QIN Zong-sheng;MENG Zhong-wei;SHEN Xu-dong(Jiaxing Nanyang Polytechnic Institute,Jiaxing 314031,Zhejiang,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Fluid and Power Machinery,School of Automobile&Transportation(Xihua University),Chengdu 610039,Sichuan,China;Jiaxing Vocational Technical College,Jiaxing 314036,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴南洋职业技术学院,浙江嘉兴314031 [2]流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,汽车与交通学院(西华大学),四川成都610039 [3]嘉兴职业技术学院,浙江嘉兴314036

出　　处：《合成材料老化与应用》2020年第4期81-84,共4页Synthetic Materials Aging and Application

基　　金：浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y201636508)。

摘　　要：大气有害颗粒物(PM)对人体有极大的危害,紧闭门窗可使颗粒物自沉降,从而实现空气洁净。为研究室内有害颗粒物自然沉降的净化效果,该研究采用激光离散式颗粒物传感器与数据采集系统,对自然条件下室内大气有害颗粒物自然沉降进行实验研究。通过实验发现:室内大气有害颗粒物在重度污染(粒径小于2.5μm的PM>150μg/m^3)浓度下,有较明显的自然沉降速率,PM粒径2.5μm^10μm、1.0μm^2.5μm、0.3μm^1.0μm自然沉降速率分别为:1.76μg/(m^3·min)、0.67μg/(m^3·min)和0.51μg/(m^3·min),当颗粒物为中度与轻度污染浓度时(<150μg/m^3),自然沉降速率随浓度降低逐渐放缓;当密闭室内存在人员时,会加快室内大气有害颗粒物下降速率;此外,不同粒径的大气有害颗粒在空气中的分布均匀状态不同,粒径越大在空气中分布越不均匀,粒径越小越均匀,其在空气中自然沉降的速率越低。Harmful particles(PM)in the atmosphere are very harmful to human body.Close the doors and windows can make the particles self settling and realize the indoor air cleaning.In order to study the purification effect of indoor harmful particles natural settlement,the laser discrete particle sensor and data acquisition system are used to study indoor harmful particles natural settlement under natural conditions.Through the experiment,it was found that the concentration of harmful particles in indoor air is 166μg/m^3 at the concentration of heavy pollution(PM>150μg/m^3 with the particle size less than 2.5μm),which has obvious natural sedimentation rate.The natural sedimentation rates of PM particle size of 2.5μm^10μm,1.0μm^2.5μm and 0.3μm^1.0μm,1.76μg/(m^3·min),0.67μg/(m^3·min),0.51μg/(m^3·min),were respectively:When the concentration of particulate matter is moderate or light pollution(<150μg/m^3),the natural sedimentation rate gradually slows down with the decrease of concentration;When there are people in the airtight room,it will speed up the decline rate of indoor harmful particles;In addition,the distribution of harmful particles with different particle sizes in the air is different.The larger the particle size,the more uneven the distribution of particles in the air.The smaller the particle size,the more uniform the distribution of particles,the lower the natural settling rate in the air.

关 键 词：大气有害颗粒物 颗粒物粒径 自然沉降速率 

分 类 号：TU834.8[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]