农村4~9年级留守学生心理资本状况及影响因素  

Psychological capital situation and influencing factors of rural left-behind students of grade four to nine

作　　者：李铿[1] 蒋霞[1] 潘卫明[1] 徐斐斐[1] 薛亮[1] LI Keng;JIANG Xia;PAN Wei-ming;XU Feifei;XUE Liang(Gansu Pronincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanshou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心精神卫生科,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2020年第5期427-430,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：甘肃省卫生行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY-2015-40)。

摘　　要：目的了解农村留守儿童心理资本状况及影响因素,为提升留守儿童心理资本提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,于2016年10—12月对甘肃省6个县1202名4~9年级的农村学生使用心理资本问卷进行调查。结果留守儿童心理资本总分(17.96±3.34)显著低于非留守儿童心理资本总分(18.84±2.84),差异有统计学意义(t=4.902,P <0.001)。留守儿童心理资本得分在不同年级、家庭经济收入、亲子关系、父亲文化程度、留守类型、留守时间、监护类型、监护人关爱程度上差异有统计学意义(t=6.875、5.678、6.842、4.529、17.514、16.856、8.917、3.210,P <0.05)。多因素回归分析显示,家庭经济收入(t=1.966,95%CI:0.104~0.868)、父亲文化程度(t=3.809,95%CI:0.399~1.108)、亲子关系(t=2.380,95%CI:-1.372^-0.360)、留守时间(t=2.951,95%CI:-0.655^-0.176)、留守类型(t=2.491,95%CI:-0.802^-0.095)、监护人关爱程度(t=2.015,95%CI:-0.955^-0.205)是心理资本的影响因素。结论留守儿童心理资本低于非留守儿童,应针对性开展有利于提升留守儿童心理资本的干预措施。Objective To understand the situation of psychological capital and its influence factors among rural leftbehind children so as to provide basis for improving the psychological capital of children-left behind.Methods By using random whole group sampling,the psychological capital questionnaire was used to survey 1202 rural students of grades 4 to 9 in six counties of Gansu province between October and December in 2016.Results The total psychological capital score was(17.96±3.34) for the left-behind and(18.84±2.84) for non-left-behind.The difference was significant(t=4.902,P <0.001).The psychological capital score of left-behind children is different in grades,family economic income,parent-child relationship,father’s education,left-behind type,left-behind time,guardian type,the care of guardians is statistically significant(t=6.875,5.678,6.842,4.529,17.514,16.856,8.917,3.210,P <0.05).The results of multi factor analysis showed that family economic income(t=1.966,95% CI:0.104-0.868),father’s education(t=3.809,95% CI:0.399-1.108),parent-child relationship(t=2.380,95% CI:-1.372--0.360),left-behind time(t=2.951,95% CI:-0.655--0.176),left-behind type(t=2.491,95% CI:-0.802--0.095),guardian care(t=2.015,95% CI:-0.955--0.205) were the influencing factors of psychological capital.Conclusion The psychological capital of left-behind children was lower than score of non-left-behind children.The intervention measures should be carried out to promote the psychological capital of left-behind children.

关 键 词：心理资本 影响因素 留守儿童 农村 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]