天基望远镜探测器组件热电制冷系统设计与试验  

Design and Test of Thermo Electric Cooling System for Space Based Telescope Detector Assembly

作　　者：杨文刚[1,2] 樊学武 王晨洁[1] 秦德金[1] 李宝鹏[1,2] 杜云飞[1] 凤良杰 赵惠[1] 高伟[1] YANG Wen-gang;FAN Xue-wu;WANG Chen-jie;QIN De-jin;LI Bao-peng;DU Yun-fei;FENG Liang-jie;ZHAO Hui;GAO Wei(Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710119,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所,西安710119 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《光子学报》2020年第8期1-12,共12页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61107008)。

摘　　要：天基空间望远镜探测器必须采用主动制冷方式以满足其噪声抑制需求.为此,采用热电制冷为核心技术,开展了探测器热电制冷器封装设计、热电制冷器热排散系统设计、热电制冷控制系统设计,并从抑制寄生漏热、降低热电制冷器热排散路径热阻两方面进行了优化,以减小热电制冷器输入功率及辐射散热面积.根据帕尔帖效应、焦耳效应、傅里叶效应,获得了净制冷量、热端散热热阻、热端边界温度等环境特性参数与热电制冷器输入电流、电压、功率等工作特性参数间的关系,并分析了制冷热负荷、热端散热热阻与热电制冷器输入功率间的敏感度.研制了望远镜鉴定产品,并开展了真空热平衡试验.试验结果表明系统设计合理有效,能够将探测器制冷至-75℃温度水平,稳定度可达到±0.2℃.基于环境条件及热电制冷器工作参数等试验数据,对比并修正了热分析模型.研究结果可为类似空间望远镜热电制冷系统的研制提供参考和借鉴.Active cooling must be utilized to meet the need for the space-based telescope which need very low detector noise level.The precise thermal control measures based on thermo-electric cooling technique are utilized and especially the package system and heat rejection system of thermo-electric coolers and its cotroller system are designed respectively.The parasitic heat load to the detector and the heat path resistances are optimized to reduce the input power and the radiator size.Based on the Peltier effect and Joule effect and Frourie effect,the relations between the enviroments parameters and working parameters are analyzed.The enviroments parameters include the heat pumped requirements,the thermal resistance between the hot side and the sink and the hot side sink temperature,while the working parameters include the current,voltage and input power of coolers.The sensitivity between the heat loads,thermal resistance and the input power are especially researched.The qualification model of the telescope is developed and the thermal vaccum and balance test are accomplished.The test results show that the system design are appropriate and effective,the detector temperature is controlled at-75±0.2℃.Based on the test environments conditions and the cooler’s working parameters,the thermal analysis model are discussed and corrected.These lessons can provide some reference for the development of thermo-electric cooling system of the similar space based telescope.

关 键 词：空间望远镜 热电制冷 热设计 热平衡试验 

分 类 号：TP73[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TH743[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]