2种有机废弃物基质对3种盆栽花卉生长的影响  

Matrix properties of two organic wastes and their effects on the growth of 3 kinds of potted flowers

作　　者：刘向东 张力[1,2] 杨吉龙 尹陈茜 甘德欣 于晓英 LIU Xiangdong;ZHANG Li;YANG Jilong;YIN Chenxi;GAN Dexin;YU Xiaoying(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Mid–Subtropical Quality Plant Breeding and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center,Changsha Hunan 410128,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Art Design,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省中亚热带优质花木繁育与利用工程技术中心,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南农业大学风景园林与艺术设计学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期425-431,共7页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省科学技术厅项目(2018TP2007);湖南省科学技术厅重点研发计划项目(2016NK2100);长沙市城市管理和行政执法局项目(17191);湖南省教育厅项目(18B124、18A084)。

摘　　要：用自制园林废弃物基质(T1)和中药渣基质(T2)盆栽紫背天葵、景天三七和硫华菊(泥炭土CK1、黄壤土CK2),测定植株生长指标、生理生化与光合特性、氮磷钾含量。结果表明:T1栽植的紫背天葵株高增长较CK1高199.84%,景天三七、硫华菊茎粗增长较CK1高57.05%、41.51%,T2栽植的硫华菊单花花数分别较CK1和CK2多89.57%和125.14%,单花直径分别长28.85%和17.54%;CK1、T1、T2栽植紫背天葵和景天三七的净光合速率与CK2有极显著差异;T1栽植景天三七含氮量较CK1高14.38%,T2栽植的紫背天葵含氮量较CK1高124.22%,含磷量较CK1高41.94%,T1、T2栽植的紫背天葵与景天三七含钾量都要低于CK1。综合来看,2种自制基质可以替代传统基质在紫背天葵、景天三七、硫华菊盆栽中使用。Potted Gynura bicolor, Sedum aizoon, Cosmos sulphureus with homemade garden waste(T1), Chinese medicine residue matrix(T2), peat soil(CK1) and yellow loam soil(CK2) respectively, to determine plant growth indicators, physiological and biochemical characteristics, photosynthetic characteristics and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Plant height of Gynura bicolor planted in T1 was 199.84% higher than that in CK1, and the stem growth of Sedum aizoon and Cosmos sulphureus in T1 were respectively 57.05% and 41.51% thicker than that of CK1. Flower numbers per plant of Cosmos sulphureus potted in T2 were respectively 89.75% and 125.14% more than that in CK1 and CK2, and the diameter of single flower was respectively 28.85% and 17.54% more than that in CK1 and CK2. Net photosynthetic rate of Gynura bicolor and Sedum aizoon planted in CK1, T1, and T2 showed no very significant difference, but the net photosynthetic rate in CK1, T1, and T2 were significantly different from that in CK2(P<0.01). Nitrogen content in T1 planted Sedum aizoon was 14.38% higher than that in CK1, in T2 planted Gynura bicolor was 124.22% higher than that in CK1. Phosphorus content in T2 planted Gynura bicolor was 41.94% higher than CK1. Gynura bicolor and Sedum aizoon planted with T1 or T2 all showed lower potassium content compared to CK1. The two self-made substrates could substitute the traditional substrates for potting Gynura bicolor, Sedum aizoon and Cosmos sulphureus.

关 键 词：园林废弃物基质 中药渣基质 紫背天葵 景天三七 硫华菊 盆栽 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]