亏水灌溉对稻米籽粒外观品质建成的影响  

Physiological Mechanisms of Rice Appearance Quality Regulated by Water Deficiency Irrigation

作　　者：燕辉 杨秀霞 YAN Hui;YANG Xiu-xia(College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan Province, China;College of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农业装备工程学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2020年第8期13-17,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51741905)。

摘　　要：研究对亏水灌溉条件下稻米籽粒外观品质的变化规律进行了分析,结果表明:水稻灌浆期,水分亏缺会导致稻米籽粒ABA与ACC等化学信号含量变化,从而实现对蔗糖——淀粉代谢酶活性的调节。其中,轻度亏水造成的稻米籽粒中一定程度的ABA含量升高能够有效地增强稻米籽粒蔗糖——淀粉代谢酶的活性,从而导致稻米籽粒中灌浆速率的升高和垩白度的降低;随着亏水程度的加剧,稻米籽粒中高水平的ABA含量亦会对籽粒灌浆造成不利影响。而稻米籽粒化学信号ACC与蔗糖——淀粉代谢酶活性的关系则相对复杂,表现为ACC与ADPG焦磷酸化酶和淀粉分支酶成负相关,与淀粉合成酶成正相关。研究为利用化学信号优化稻米籽粒外观品质提供了理论指导。In this study,the variation of appearance quality of rice grain under deficit irrigation was analyzed.The results showed that during the filling period,water deficit would lead to changes in the content of ABA and ACC in rice grains,thus regulating the activity of sucrose-starch metabolizing enzyme.Among them,a certain degree of increased ABA content in rice grains caused by mild water deficit could effectively enhance the activity of sucrose-starch metabolizing enzyme in rice grains,resulting in the increase of filling rate and the decrease of chalkiness in rice grains.With the increase of water deficit,the high level of ABA in rice grains also had adverse effects on grain filling.However,the relationship between rice grain chemical signal ACC and activity of sucrose-starch metabolizing enzyme was relatively complex,which showed that ACC was negatively correlated with ADPG pyrophosphorylase and starch branch enzyme,and positively correlated with starch synthase.This study provided theoretical guidance for optimizing the appearance quality of rice grains by chemical signals.

关 键 词：水稻 亏水灌溉 内源激素 代谢酶 垩白 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]