基于波文比和降水的综合干旱指数的构建及应用  

Construction and Application of Comprehensive Drought Index Based on Bowen Ratio and Precipitation

作　　者：杜瑞麒 张智韬[1,2] 巨娟丽 劳聪聪[1] 金继明 崔晨风 DU Rui-qi;ZHANG Zhi-tao;JU Juan-li;LAO Cong-cong;JIN Ji-ming;CUI Chen-feng(College of Water Conservancy and Construction Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural And Soil Engineering in Arid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2020年第8期63-71,共9页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0403302,2016YFD0200700);杨凌示范区科技计划项目(2018GY-03)。

摘　　要：针对地表植被覆盖差异对遥感监测区域干旱精度的影响问题,通过GLDAS获取1978-2017年吉林省44个区县的降水、潜热通量和显热通量数据,以此构建了标准化波文比指数(SBI),在此基础上结合标准化降水指数(SPI),通过Copula函数构建出反映土壤水分和降水的综合干旱指数(MSBP),并用其分析吉林省的干旱时空特征,通过比较SBI、SPI和MSBP在历史干旱严重年份上的表现,以及分析3种指数与粮食产量之间的相关性,以此评估不同干旱监测指数的应用效果。结果表明:①MSBP在描述干旱特征和干旱对粮食产量影响上更加全面和准确。②MSBP能较为准确地刻画出干旱过程的持续时间以及不同时间下的干旱强度。③在历史干旱严重的年份上,MSBP所刻画的干旱特征和实际发生的干旱过程较为一致。④MSBP能较好地反映出干旱对粮食产量所引起的波动变化。以上研究结果为区域干旱监测提供参考。In view of the influence of the difference of vegetation cover on the accuracy of remote sensing monitoring regional drought,the precipitation,latent heat flux and sensible heat flux data of 44 districts and counties in Jilin Province from 1978 to 2017 were obtained by GLDAS,so as to construct the standardized Bowen ratio index(SBI),on this basis,the standardized precipitation index(SPI)was combined,and the comprehensive dryness reflecting soil moisture and precipitation was constructed by copula function.The drought index(MSBP)was used to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of drought in Jilin Province.By comparing the performance of SBI,SPI and MSBP in historical drought years,and analyzing the correlation between the three indexes and grain yield,the application effect of different drought monitoring indexes could be evaluated.The results showed that:①MSBP was more comprehensive and accurate in describing the characteristics of drought and the impact of drought on grain yield.②MSBP could accurately describe the duration of drought process and the intensity of drought in different time.③In the years with serious drought,the drought characteristics described by MSBP were consistent with the actual drought process.④MSBP could well reflect the fluctuation of grain yield caused by drought.The above results provide a reference for regional drought monitoring.

关 键 词：波文比 标准化降水指数 农业干旱 COPULA函数 GLDAS遥感数据 

分 类 号：S29[农业科学—农业水土工程] S25[农业科学—农业工程]