基于TOA萃取色层的土壤中238 Pu/239,240 Pu活度比的分析方法  

Analytical Method for 238 Pu/239,240 Pu Activity Ratio Using TOA Extraction Chromatography

作　　者：杨钰宁 武俊红[1] 张海玲[1] 董文静[1] 赵东[1] 李永明[1] 唐伟 YANG Yu-ning;WU Jun-hong;ZHANG Hai-ling;DONG Wen-jing;ZHAO Dong;LI Yong-ming;TANG Wei(Institute of Materials,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Jiangyou 621907,China)

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院材料研究所,四川江油621907

出　　处：《核化学与放射化学》2020年第4期270-277,I0005,共9页Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21571163,21407133);中国工程物理研究院资助项目(TCSQ2018104)。

摘　　要：核设施周边环境土壤样品中238 Pu/239,240 Pu活度比的信息特征可用于评估核活动,为了获得准确的核素比,需要建立238 Pu/239,240 Pu活度比的分析方法。在三正辛胺(TOA)萃取法分析Pu含量的基础上,考察了盐酸和硝酸洗涤以及洗涤用量对U、Th、Am等杂质元素的去除情况,并引入共沉淀步骤进行前处理流程的优化,建立起一个基于TOA萃取色层的土壤样品中238 Pu/239,240 Pu活度比的分析方法。当土壤样品量为25 g时,该方法Pu的化学回收率大于70%,U、Th的去污因子大于104,Am的去污因子大于103,238 Pu的最低检测比活度为(6.0±1.6)×10^-6 Bq/g,239,240 Pu的最低检测比活度为(6.4±0.4)×10^-6 Bq/g(n=3)。该方法可应用于环境土壤样品中238 Pu/239,240 Pu活度比的分析,为军控核查和环境监测提供技术支持。The characteristic of the 238 Pu/239,240 Pu activity ratio in the soil samples around nuclear facilities can be used to assess the nuclear activities.In order to obtain an accurate isotope ratio,an analytical method for 238 Pu/239,240 Pu activity ratio needs to be established.Based on the analysis procedure of plutonium activity concentration with TOA extraction,this paper was focused on the removal of impure elements such as U,Th and Am by scrubbing with proper amount of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid solutions.A co-precipitation step was introduced to optimize the pretreatment process,and a new procedure for determination of 238 Pu/239,240 Pu activity ratio in soils was developed.For 25 g soil sample,the chemical recovery of Pu of the procedure is greater than 70%,and the decontamination factors of U,Th and Am are greater than 104,104 and 103,respectively.The minimum detection activity concentrations are found to be(6.0±1.6)×10^-6 Bq/g for 238 Pu and(6.4±0.4)×10^-6 Bq/g(n=3)for 239,240 Pu.This method can be widely applied to the analysis of 238 Pu/239,240 Pu activity ratio in environmental soil samples and thus provide technical support for arms control verification and environmental monitoring.

关 键 词：238 Pu/239 240 Pu 土壤 军控核查 色层萃取 三正辛胺(TOA) 

分 类 号：O658.2[理学—分析化学]