火星表面高氯酸盐生物转化及原位制氧工艺技术  

Technology of Biotransformation and Oxygen Production from Perchlorate on the Surface of Mars

作　　者：李艳菊[1] 吴月 范春萍 念念 LI Yanju;WU Yue;FAN Chunping;NIAN Nian(School of Life Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081;School of Humanities and Social Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学生命学院,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2020年第4期531-539,共9页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(2017YFD0800504)。

摘　　要：火星表面极端缺氧条件及广泛分布的高氯酸盐所形成的强氧化环境,对人类登陆探测及后续宜居环境建设构成直接威胁.根据对火星表面高氯酸盐分布的探测成果,地球上高氯酸盐生物降解研究进展,以及人类登陆火星对资源和环境的需求,提出了利用生物方法转化火星表面高氯酸盐进行原位制氧的设想与工艺,对其工艺过程、影响因素、关键技术与难点、行星保护与副产物资源化、后续火星环境改造等进行了前瞻性分析,有望在火星上同时实现高氯酸盐无害化处理与氧气原位制备,化害为益,为火星探测提供新思路与新方法.The extreme anoxic conditions on the surface of the Mars and the strong oxidation environment formed by the widespread perchlorate pose a direct threat to the human landing,exploration and the future construction of habitable environment.Based on the current relative research results of perchlorate distribution on the Mars,the research progress of perchlorate biodegradation on the Earth and the demand of resources and environment for human landing on Mars,an assumption and its technology are proposed to use biological method to make oxygen from perchlorate in-situ on the Mars.A forward-looking analysis of oxygen bio-conversion process,influencing factors,key technology and difficulties of bio-conversion in-situ oxygen production,planetary protection and by-product recycling,and the subsequent environmental reformation on Mars are put forward.It is expected to realize at the same time perchlorate harmless treatment and oxygen bio-conversion in cite from perchlorate on the Mars,to turn harm into benefit,to provide new thoughts and feasible methods for the creation of living conditions for human landing and even immigration to Mars.

关 键 词：火星 高氯酸盐 微生物转化 原位制氧 

分 类 号：P185[天文地球—天文学]